ArticleBMC nephrology2021
Intravenous cyclophosphamide induces remission in children with difficult to treat steroid resistant nephrotic syndrome from minimal change disease.
Article in BMC nephrology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
3 citing papers in PubMed, 5 citations in OpenAlex.
- Immune dysregulation in pediatric cancer-associated nephrotic syndrome: current insights.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Kidney outcomes in children with primary focal segmental glomerulosclerosis from a low- and middle- income country.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Article
- Intravenous cyclophosphamide therapy in children with calcineurin inhibitor-resistant steroid-resistant nephrotic syndrome in a resource-limited setting.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSteroid resistant nephrotic syndrome (SRNS), while uncommon in children, is associated with significant morbidity. Calcineurin inhibitors (CNIs) remain the first line recommended therapy for children with non-genetic forms of SRNS, but some children fail to respond to them. Intravenous (IV) cyclophosphamide (CTX) has been shown to be effective in Asian-Indian children with difficult to treat SRNS (SRNS-DTT). Our study evaluated the outcome of IV CTX treatment in North American children with SRNS-DTT.
methodsRetrospective review of the medical records of children with SRNS-DTT treated with IV CTX from January 2000 to July 2019 at our center. Data abstracted included demographics, histopathology on renal biopsy, prior and concomitant use of other immunosuppressive agents and serial clinical/laboratory data. Primary outcome measure was attainment of complete remission (CR).
resultsEight children with SRNS-DTT received monthly doses (median 6; range 4-6) of IV CTX. Four (50%) went into CR, 1 achieved partial remission and 3 did not respond. Three of the 4 responders had minimal change disease (MCD). Excluding the 1 child who responded after the 4th infusion, the median time to CR was 6.5 (range 0.5-8) months after completion of IV CTX infusions. Three remain in CR at a median of 8.5 years (range: 3.7-10.5 years) after completion of CTX; one child relapsed and became steroid-dependent. No infections or life-threatening complications related to IV CTX were observed.
conclusionsIV CXT can induce long term remission in North-American children with MCD who have SRNS-DTT.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.