Evidence mapPaperPMID 34845360Full record

ReviewNature reviews. Rheumatology2022

A new immunometabolic perspective of intervertebral disc degeneration.

Vera Francisco, Jesús Pino, Miguel Ángel González-Gay, Francisca Lago, Jaro Karppinen, Osmo Tervonen, Ali Mobasheri, Oreste Gualillo

Abstract readReview
PubMed Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Nature reviews. Rheumatology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 275 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
275citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
38.6field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

275 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 420 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  3. MnOMaterials today. Bio · 2026
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  9. THBS1Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026
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215 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 5 institutions in 5 countries.

Vera Francisco *The NEIRID group (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), C027-Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Jesús Pino *The NEIRID group (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), C027-Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Miguel Ángel González-GayEpidemiology, Genetics and Atherosclerosis Research Group on Systemic Inflammatory Diseases, Universidad de Cantabria and IDIVAL, Hospital Universitario Marqués de Valdecilla, Santander, Spain.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7924-7406
Francisca LagoMolecular and Cellular Cardiology Group, SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), Research Laboratory 7, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
Jaro KarppinenMedical Research Center Oulu, Oulu University Hospital and University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Osmo TervonenResearch Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.
Ali MobasheriResearch Unit of Medical Imaging, Physics and Technology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Oulu, Oulu, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6261-1286
Oreste GualilloThe NEIRID group (Neuroendocrine Interactions in Rheumatology and Inflammatory Diseases), SERGAS (Servizo Galego de Saude) and IDIS (Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago), C027-Research Laboratory 9, Santiago University Clinical Hospital, Santiago de Compostela, Spain. oreste.gualillo@sergas.es.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7154-1328
Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago · ESOulu University Hospital · FIUniversidad de Cantabria · ESUniversity of Liège · BEUniversity of Oulu · FI

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Intervertebral disc (IVD) degeneration is a common finding on spine imaging that increases in prevalence with age. IVD degeneration is a frequent cause of low back pain, which is a leading cause of disability. The process of IVD degeneration consists of gradual structural change accompanied by severe alterations in metabolic homeostasis. IVD degeneration, like osteoarthritis, is a common comorbidity in patients with obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus, two metabolic syndrome pathological conditions in which adipokines are important promoters of low-grade inflammation, extracellular matrix degradation and fibrosis. Impairment in white adipose tissue function, due to the abnormal fat accumulation in obesity, is characterized by increased production of specific pro-inflammatory proteins such as adipokines by white adipose tissue and of cytokines such as TNF by immune cells of the stromal compartment. Investigations into the immunometabolic alterations in obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus and their interconnections with IVD degeneration provide insights into how adipokines might affect the pathogenesis of IVD degeneration and impair IVD function and repair. Toll-like receptor-mediated signalling has also been implicated as a promoter of the inflammatory response in the metabolic alterations associated with IVD and is thus thought to have a role in IVD degeneration. Pathological starvation, obesity and adipokine dysregulation can result in immunometabolic alterations, which could be targeted for the development of new therapeutics.

Indexed as

Intervertebral Disc DegenerationAdipokinesDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2HumansObesityAdipokines

Identifiers

PMID34845360
OpenAlexW3216064907

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.