Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34850620›Full record

ArticleJournal of public health research2021

Costs and mortality associated with HIV: a machine learning analysis of the French national health insurance database.

Martin Prodel, Laurent Finkielsztejn, Laëtitia Roustand, Gaëlle Nachbaur, Lucie De Leotoing, Marie Genreau, Fabrice Bonnet, Jade Ghosn

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Journal of public health research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 3 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
3citing papers in PubMed
0.2field-weighted citation impact, top 45% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

3 citing papers in PubMed, 4 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Artificial intelligence applications in health insurances: a scoping review.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2025
    Review
  2. Article
  3. The application of artificial intelligence in health financing: a scoping review.Cost effectiveness and resource allocation : C/E · 2023
    Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Martin ProdelHEVA, Lyon. mprodel@hevaweb.com.
Laurent FinkielsztejnViiV Healthcare, Rueil-Malmaison. laurent.l.finkielsztejn@viivhealthcare.com.
Laëtitia RoustandGlaxoSmithKline, Rueil-Malmaison. laetitia.m.roustand@gsk.com.
Gaëlle NachbaurGlaxoSmithKline, Rueil-Malmaison. gaelle.j.nachbaur@gsk.com.
Lucie De LeotoingHEVA, Lyon. ldeleoto@wlgore.com.
Marie GenreauHEVA, Lyon. mgenreau@hevaweb.com.
Fabrice BonnetCHU de Bordeaux, Service de Médecine Interne et Maladies Infectieuses, Hôpital Saint-André, Bordeaux; Université de Bordeaux, INSERM U1219, ISPED, Bordeaux. fabrice.bonnet@chu-bordeaux.fr.
Jade GhosnAssistance Publique - Hôpitaux de Paris, APHP; Nord-Université de Paris, Hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, Service des Maladies Infectieuses et Tropicales, Paris. jade.ghosn@aphp.fr.
GlaxoSmithKline (France) · FRGlaxoSmithKline (India) · INHôpital Saint-André · FRInserm · FR

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe objective is to characterise the economic burden to the healthcare system of people living with HIV (PLWHIV) in France and to help decision makers in identifying risk factors associated with high-cost and high mortality profiles. DESIGN AND

methodsThe study is a retrospective analysis of PLWHIV identified in the French National Health Insurance database (SNDS). All PLWHIV present in the database in 2013 were identified.  All healthcare resource consumption from 2008 to 2015 inclusive was documented and costed (for 2013 to 2015) from the perspective of public health insurance. High-cost and high mortality patient profiles were identified by a machine learning algorithm.

resultsIn 2013, 96,423 PLWHIV were identified in the SNDS database, including 3,373 incident cases. Overall, 3,224 PLWHIV died during the three-year follow-up period (mean annual mortality rate: 1.1%). The mean annual per capita cost incurred by PLWHIV was € 14,223, corresponding to a total management cost of HIV of € 1,370 million in 2013. The largest contribution came from the cost of antiretroviral medication (M€ 870; 63%) followed by hospitalisation (M€ 154; 11%). The costs incurred in the year preceding death were considerably higher. Four specific patient profiles were identified for under/over-expressing these costs, suggesting ways to reduce them.

conclusionsEven though current therapeutic regimens provide excellent virological control in most patients, PLWHIV have excess mortality. Other factors such as comorbidities, lifestyle factors and screening for cancer and cardiovascular disease, need to be targeted in order to lower the mortality and cost associated with HIV infection.

Identifiers

PMID34850620
PMCPMC8958442
OpenAlexW3214900324

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.