Trial reportMolecular psychiatry2022
Electroconvulsive therapy, electric field, neuroplasticity, and clinical outcomes.
Trial report in Molecular psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 33 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
33 citing papers in PubMed, 70 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparing the Neurocognitive Effects of Right Unilateral Ultra-Brief Pulse Electroconvulsive Therapy and Magnetic Seizure Therapy for the Treatment of Major Depressive Episode.Biological psychiatry. Cognitive neuroscience and neuroimaging · 2025Trial
- Magnetic Seizure Therapy vs Modified Electroconvulsive Therapy in Patients With Bipolar Mania: A Randomized Clinical Trial.JAMA network open · 2024Trial
- Microbiome-Informed Precision Electroconvulsive Therapy: Oral-Gut-Immune Signatures and Seizure Biology as Candidate Predictors of Response-A Narrative Review.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- The Impact of Clinical Characteristics of Patients with Mental Disorders on the Long-Term Effects of Electroconvulsive Therapy.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- Brain morphometry, stimulation charge, and seizure duration in electroconvulsive therapy.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- A Computational Modeling Study of Focal Electrically Administered Seizure Therapy and Frontoparietal Electroconvulsive Therapy.The journal of ECT · 2026Article
- Clinical and biological markers of electroconvulsive therapy effectiveness: a narrative review.Translational psychiatry · 2026Review
- The postictal systems window hypothesis of electroconvulsive therapy in major depression.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Physical and Emotional Interventions in Modulating Neuroplasticity: A Narrative Review of Recent Evidence.Cureus · 2025Review
- Computational Models of High-Definition Electroconvulsive Therapy for Focal or Multitargeting Treatment.The journal of ECT · 2025Article
- Effects of electroconvulsive therapy on hippocampal longitudinal axis and its association with cognitive side effects.Communications medicine · 2025Article
- The relationship between electric field strength induced by electroconvulsive therapy and cognitive and antidepressant outcomes.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2025Article
- Electroconvulsive therapy generates a postictal wave of spreading depolarization in mice and humans.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Neuromodulations in Psychiatric Disorders: Emerging Lines of Definition.Psychotherapy and psychosomatics · 2025Article
- A review of diffusion MRI in mood disorders: mechanisms and predictors of treatment response.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Review
- NIMH perspectives on future directions in neuroimaging for mental health.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Review
- On assumptions and key issues in electric field modeling for ECT.Molecular psychiatry · 2024Article
- Neurogenesis-independent mechanisms of MRI-detectable hippocampal volume increase following electroconvulsive stimulation.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Advances in precision neuromodulation: electroconvulsive therapy amplitude titration.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
- Amplitude-determined seizure-threshold, electric field modeling, and electroconvulsive therapy antidepressant and cognitive outcomes.Neuropsychopharmacology : official publication of the American College of Neuropsychopharmacology · 2024Article
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) remains the gold-standard treatment for patients with depressive episodes, but the underlying mechanisms for antidepressant response and procedure-induced cognitive side effects have yet to be elucidated. Such mechanisms may be complex and involve certain ECT parameters and brain regions. Regarding parameters, the electrode placement (right unilateral or bitemporal) determines the geometric shape of the electric field (E-field), and amplitude determines the E-field magnitude in select brain regions (e.g., hippocampus). Here, we aim to determine the relationships between hippocampal E-field strength, hippocampal neuroplasticity, and antidepressant and cognitive outcomes. We used hippocampal E-fields and volumes generated from a randomized clinical trial that compared right unilateral electrode placement with different pulse amplitudes (600, 700, and 800 mA). Hippocampal E-field strength was variable but increased with each amplitude arm. We demonstrated a linear relationship between right hippocampal E-field and right hippocampal neuroplasticity. Right hippocampal neuroplasticity mediated right hippocampal E-field and antidepressant outcomes. In contrast, right hippocampal E-field was directly related to cognitive outcomes as measured by phonemic fluency. We used receiver operating characteristic curves to determine that the maximal right hippocampal E-field associated with cognitive safety was 112.5 V/m. Right hippocampal E-field strength was related to the whole-brain ratio of E-field strength per unit of stimulation current, but this whole-brain ratio was unrelated to antidepressant or cognitive outcomes. We discuss the implications of optimal hippocampal E-field dosing to maximize antidepressant outcomes and cognitive safety with individualized amplitudes.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.