Evidence mapPaperPMID 34856077Full record

Observational studyEndocrinology, diabetes & metabolism2022

One-year trends from the LANDMARC trial: A 3-year, pan-India, prospective, longitudinal study on the management and real-world outcomes of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Ashok K Das, Sanjay Kalra, Shashank Joshi, Ambrish Mithal, Prasanna Kumar K M, Ambika G Unnikrishnan, Hemant Thacker, Bipin Sethi, Subhankar Chowdhury, Romik Ghosh and 11 more

Abstract readObservational Study
In one paragraph

Observational study in Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
6citing papers in PubMed
field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

6 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Observational
  4. Observational
  5. Observational
  6. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

21 authors.

Ashok K DasPondicherry Institute of Medical Sciences, Puducherry, India.ORCID 0000-0003-2508-7563
Sanjay KalraBharti Hospital, Karnal, India.ORCID 0000-0003-1308-121X
Shashank JoshiLilavati Hospital, Mumbai, India.
Ambrish MithalMedanta-The Medicity, Gurgaon, India.
Prasanna Kumar K MCentre for Diabetes and Endocrine Care, Bengaluru, India.
Ambika G UnnikrishnanChellaram Diabetes Institute, Pune, India.
Hemant ThackerBhatia Hospital, Mumbai, India.
Bipin SethiCare Hospital, Hyderabad, India.
Subhankar ChowdhuryIPGME and R and SSKM Hospital, Kolkata, India.
Romik GhoshMedical Affairs, Sanofi, Mumbai, India.ORCID 0000-0003-4364-2671
Sukanya KrishnanClinical Study Unit, Sanofi, Mumbai, India.
Arjun NairMedical Affairs, Sanofi, Mumbai, India.
Senthilnathan MohanasundaramMedical Affairs, Sanofi, Mumbai, India.
Shalini K MenonMedical Affairs, Sanofi, Mumbai, India.
Vaibhav SalviClinical Study Unit, Sanofi, Mumbai, India.
Deepa ChodankarClinical Study Unit, Sanofi, Mumbai, India.
Saket ThakerClinical Study Unit, Sanofi, Mumbai, India.
Chirag TrivediClinical Study Unit, Sanofi, Mumbai, India.
Subhash K WangnooApollo Hospital Education and Research Foundation, New Delhi, India.
Abdul H ZargarCenter for Diabetes and Endocrine Care, Srinagar, India.
Nadeem RaisChowpatti Medical Centre, Mumbai, India.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionLongitudinal data on management and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in India are scarce. LANDMARC (CTRI/2017/05/008452), first-of-its-kind, pan-India, prospective, observational study aimed to evaluate real-world patterns and management of T2DM over 3 years.

methodsAdults (≥25 to ≤60 years old at T2DM diagnosis; diabetes duration ≥2 years at enrolment; controlled/uncontrolled on ≥2 anti-diabetic agents) were enrolled. The first-year trends for glycaemic control, therapy and diabetic complications, including those from metropolitan and non-metropolitan cities are reported here.

resultsOf 6236 enrolled participants, 5654 completed 1 year in the study. Although the overall mean glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) improved by 0.5% (baseline: 8.1%) at 1 year, only 20% of the participants achieved HbA1c <7%. Participants from metropolitan and non- metropolitan cities showed similar decrease in glycaemic levels (mean change in HbA1c: -0.5% vs. -0.5%; p = .8613). Among diabetic complications, neuropathy was the predominant complication (815/6236, 13.1% participants). Microvascular complications (neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy) were significantly (p < .0001) higher in non-metropolitan than metropolitan cities. Hypertension (2623/6236, 78.2%) and dyslipidaemia (1696/6236, 50.6%) continued to be the most commonly reported cardiovascular risks at 1 year. After 1 year, majority of the participants were taking only oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs) (baseline: 4642/6236 [74.4%]; 1 year: 4045/6013 [67.3%]), while the proportion of those taking insulin along with OADs increased (baseline: 1498/6236 [24.0%] vs. 1 year: 1844/6013 [30.7%]). Biguanides and sulfonylureas were the most used OADs. The highest increase in use was seen for dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors (baseline: 3047/6236 [48.9%]; 1 year: 3529/6013 [58.7%]). Improvement in all glycaemic parameters was significantly (p < .0001) higher in the insulin vs. the insulin-naïve subgroups; in the insulin-naïve subgroup, no statistical difference was noted in those who received >3 vs. ≤3 OADs.

conclusionsFirst-year trends of the LANDMARC study offer insights into real-world disease progression, suggesting the need for controlling risk factors and timely treatment intensification in people with T2DM.

Indexed as

Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2AdultGlycated HemoglobinHumansHypoglycemic AgentsLongitudinal StudiesMiddle AgedProspective StudiesGlycated HemoglobinHypoglycemic Agentsdiabetes mellitusglycaemic controlIndiareal-world outcomes

Identifiers

PMID34856077
PMCPMC8754240

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.