Observational studyEndocrinology, diabetes & metabolism2022
One-year trends from the LANDMARC trial: A 3-year, pan-India, prospective, longitudinal study on the management and real-world outcomes of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Observational study in Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 6 papers.
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Who cites it
6 citing papers in PubMed.
- Complication development trajectories for patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: evidence from a five-million retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in health services · 2025Article
- Article
- The LongitudinAl Nationwide stuDy on Management And Real-world outComes of diabetes in India over 3 years (LANDMARC trial).Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2023Observational
- Two-year trends from the LANDMARC study: A 3-year, pan-India, prospective, longitudinal study on the management and real-world outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2023Observational
- One-year trends from the LANDMARC trial: A 3-year, pan-India, prospective, longitudinal study on the management and real-world outcomes of type 2 diabetes mellitus.Endocrinology, diabetes & metabolism · 2022Observational
- Effectiveness of Oral Semaglutide in Management of Type 2 Diabetes: A Real-World Study from India.Indian journal of endocrinology and metabolismArticle
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Authors and funding
21 authors.
Funding
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Abstract
introductionLongitudinal data on management and progression of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in India are scarce. LANDMARC (CTRI/2017/05/008452), first-of-its-kind, pan-India, prospective, observational study aimed to evaluate real-world patterns and management of T2DM over 3 years.
methodsAdults (≥25 to ≤60 years old at T2DM diagnosis; diabetes duration ≥2 years at enrolment; controlled/uncontrolled on ≥2 anti-diabetic agents) were enrolled. The first-year trends for glycaemic control, therapy and diabetic complications, including those from metropolitan and non-metropolitan cities are reported here.
resultsOf 6236 enrolled participants, 5654 completed 1 year in the study. Although the overall mean glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) improved by 0.5% (baseline: 8.1%) at 1 year, only 20% of the participants achieved HbA1c <7%. Participants from metropolitan and non- metropolitan cities showed similar decrease in glycaemic levels (mean change in HbA1c: -0.5% vs. -0.5%; p = .8613). Among diabetic complications, neuropathy was the predominant complication (815/6236, 13.1% participants). Microvascular complications (neuropathy, nephropathy and retinopathy) were significantly (p < .0001) higher in non-metropolitan than metropolitan cities. Hypertension (2623/6236, 78.2%) and dyslipidaemia (1696/6236, 50.6%) continued to be the most commonly reported cardiovascular risks at 1 year. After 1 year, majority of the participants were taking only oral anti-diabetic drugs (OADs) (baseline: 4642/6236 [74.4%]; 1 year: 4045/6013 [67.3%]), while the proportion of those taking insulin along with OADs increased (baseline: 1498/6236 [24.0%] vs. 1 year: 1844/6013 [30.7%]). Biguanides and sulfonylureas were the most used OADs. The highest increase in use was seen for dipeptidyl peptidase-IV inhibitors (baseline: 3047/6236 [48.9%]; 1 year: 3529/6013 [58.7%]). Improvement in all glycaemic parameters was significantly (p < .0001) higher in the insulin vs. the insulin-naïve subgroups; in the insulin-naïve subgroup, no statistical difference was noted in those who received >3 vs. ≤3 OADs.
conclusionsFirst-year trends of the LANDMARC study offer insights into real-world disease progression, suggesting the need for controlling risk factors and timely treatment intensification in people with T2DM.
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