Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34893317›Full record

ReviewBiological psychiatry2022

Mental Health Consequences of Traumatic Brain Injury.

Jonathon R Howlett, Lindsay D Nelson, Murray B Stein

Open access · greenAbstract readReview
In one paragraph

Review in Biological psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 164 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
164citing papers in PubMed, 5 pooled it
25.9field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

164 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 329 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
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  17. The Role of Traumatic Brain Injury on Intimate Partner Violence and Changes in Mental Health From Late Adolescence to Young Adulthood.The Journal of adolescent health : official publication of the Society for Adolescent Medicine · 2026
    Article
  18. Review
  19. Article
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104 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

3 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jonathon R HowlettVA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California. Electronic address: jhowlett@health.ucsd.edu.
Lindsay D NelsonDepartment of Neurosurgery & Neurology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, Wisconsin.
Murray B SteinVA San Diego Healthcare System, San Diego, La Jolla, California; Department of Psychiatry, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California; School of Public Health, University of California San Diego, La Jolla, California.
UC San Diego Health System · USMedical College of Wisconsin · US

Funding

Improving Patient Classification and Outcome Measurement in Traumatic Brain Injury (TBI)R01NS110856 · NINDS · MEDICAL COLLEGE OF WISCONSIN · PI NELSON, LINDSAY · 2019 to 2023
$3.0M
Computational Analysis of Neural Effects of Methylphenidate in Posttraumatic Stress DisorderIK2CX001887 · VA · VA SAN DIEGO HEALTHCARE SYSTEM · PI HOWLETT, JONATHON R · 2020 to 2024
–
CSRD VA IK2 CX001887NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS110856
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is associated with a host of psychiatric and neurobehavioral problems. As mortality rates have declined for severe TBI, attention has turned to the cognitive, affective, and behavioral sequelae of injuries across the severity spectrum, which are often more disabling than residual physical effects. Moderate and severe TBI can cause personality changes including impulsivity, severe irritability, affective instability, and apathy. Mild TBI, once considered a largely benign phenomenon, is now known to be associated with a range of affective symptoms, with suicidality, and with worsening or new onset of several psychiatric disorders including posttraumatic stress disorder and major depressive disorder. Repetitive head impacts, often in athletic contexts, are now believed to be associated with a number of emotional and behavioral sequelae. The nature and etiology of mental health manifestations of TBI (including a combination of brain dysfunction and psychological trauma and interrelationships between cognitive, affective, and physical symptoms) are complex and have been a focus of recent epidemiological and mechanistic studies. This paper will review the epidemiology of psychiatric and neurobehavioral problems after TBI in military, civilian, and athletic contexts.

Indexed as

Brain ConcussionBrain Injuries, TraumaticMajor Depressive DisorderStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticHumansMental HealthCognitionGeneralized anxiety disorderMajor depressive disorderPosttraumatic stress disorderSuicidalityTraumatic brain injury

Identifiers

PMID34893317
PMCPMC8849136
OpenAlexW3206779511

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.