Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34902066›Full record

ReviewCurrent diabetes reports2021

Retinal Neurodegeneration in Diabetes: an Emerging Concept in Diabetic Retinopathy.

Mira M Sachdeva

Open access · hybridAbstract readReview
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Review in Current diabetes reports, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 72 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
72citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
11.4field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

72 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 107 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Review
  3. Retinal and optic nerve measures after initiation of empagliflozin plus metformin versus metformin alone in early type 2 diabetes: a prospective observational comparative study.Graefe's archive for clinical and experimental ophthalmology = Albrecht von Graefes Archiv fur klinische und experimentelle Ophthalmologie · 2026
    Article
  4. Article
  5. Association and Multimodal Model of Retinal Mid-Peripheral Capillary Free Zones with Structural and Functional Parameters in Diabetic Patients Without Clinical Retinopathy.Ophthalmic & physiological optics : the journal of the British College of Ophthalmic Opticians (Optometrists) · 2026
    Article
  6. Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Review
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Molecular stress and neurovascular injury in the diabetic retina.The Journal of clinical investigation · 2026
    Review
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Neuroprotection in Diabetes Retinal Disease: An Unmet Medical Need.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026
    Review
  16. Article
  17. Observational
  18. Review
  19. Review
  20. Review

12 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.

4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.

Mira M SachdevaWilmer Eye Institute, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 600 North Wolfe Street, Maumenee 748, Baltimore, MD, 21287 MD, USA. msachde4@jhmi.edu.
Johns Hopkins University · US

Funding

Molecular Mechanisms of Diabetic Retinal Ganglion Cell Dysfunction and Neurovascular Crosstalk in Early Diabetic RetinopathyK08EY029766 · NEI · JOHNS HOPKINS UNIVERSITY · PI SACHDEVA, MIRA MENON · 2019 to 2023
$997k
NEI NIH HHS K08 EY029766NEI NIH HHS K08EY029766
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

purpose of reviewDiabetic retinopathy (DR), the leading cause of blindness in working-aged adults, remains clinically defined and staged by its vascular manifestations. However, early retinal neurodegeneration may precede vascular pathology, suggesting that this neuronal damage may contribute to disease pathogenesis and represent an independent target for intervention. This review will discuss the evidence and implications for diabetic retinal neurodegeneration. RECENT

findingsA growing body of literature has identified progressive retinal thinning and visual dysfunction in patients with diabetes even prior to the onset of DR, though advances in retinal vascular imaging suggest that vascular remodeling and choroidal changes occur during these early stages as well. Animal models of diabetes and in vitro studies have also suggested that diabetes may directly affect the retinal neural and glial tissue, providing support to the concept that diabetic retinal neurodegeneration occurs early in the disease and suggesting potentially relevant molecular pathways. Diabetic retinal neurodegeneration may represent a "preclinical" manifestation of diabetic retinal disease and remains an active area of investigation. As the natural history and molecular mechanisms become increasingly understood, it may lead to upcoming developments in not only the treatment options but also the clinical definition of DR.

Indexed as

Diabetes MellitusDiabetic RetinopathyAnimalsHumansMiddle AgedRetinaDiabetesDiabetic retinopathy (DR)Neurodegeneration

Identifiers

PMID34902066
PMCPMC8668853
OpenAlexW4200432023

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.