Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34903530›Full record

SynthesisBMJ open2021

Prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension in people with comorbidities in sub-Saharan Africa: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Shukri F Mohamed, Olalekan A Uthman, Martin K Mutua, G Asiki, Mustapha S Abba, Paramjit Gill

Open access · goldAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Synthesis in BMJ open, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 17 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
17citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
2.5field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

17 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 26 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Hypertension in Adults With Diabetes in Southeast Asia: A Systematic Review.Journal of clinical hypertension (Greenwich, Conn.) · 2025
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 3 institutions in 4 countries.

Shukri F MohamedAcademic Unit of Primary Care (AUPC) and the NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Improving Health in Slums, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK smohamed@aphrc.org.ORCID 0000-0002-8693-1943
Olalekan A UthmanWarwick-Centre for Applied Health Research and Delivery (WCAHRD), University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands, UK.ORCID 0000-0002-8567-3081
Martin K MutuaData, Measurement and Evaluation unit, African Population and Health Rsearch Center, Nairobi, Kenya.
G AsikiHealth and Systems for Health, African Population and Health Research Center, Nairobi, Kenya.
Mustapha S AbbaDivision of Health Sciences, Warwick Medical School, University of Warwick, Coventry, West Midlands, UK.
Paramjit GillAcademic Unit of Primary Care (AUPC) and the NIHR Global Health Research Unit on Improving Health in Slums, University of Warwick, Coventry, UK.
University of Warwick · GBAfrican Population and Health Research Center · KEHarvard University · US

Funding

Shared Core: Biobanking, Bioinformatics and Data ManagementU54HG006938 · NHGRI · WITS HEALTH CONSORTIUM (PTY), LTD · PI RAMSAY, MICHELE MICHELE · 2012 to 2022
$12.2M
NHGRI NIH HHS U54 HG006938
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundThe burden of uncontrolled hypertension in sub-Saharan Africa (SSA) is high and hypertension is known to coexist with other chronic diseases such as kidney disease, diabetes among others. This is the first systematic review and meta-analysis to determine the burden of uncontrolled hypertension among patients with comorbidities in SSA.

methodsA comprehensive search was conducted on MEDLINE, Excerpta Medica Database (Embase) and Web of Science to identify all relevant articles published between 1 January 2000 and 17 June 2021. We included studies that reported on the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension among people in SSA who report taking antihypertensive treatment and have another chronic condition. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to obtain the pooled estimate of the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension among patients with comorbid conditions while on treatment across studies in SSA.

resultsIn all, 20 articles were included for meta-analyses. Eleven articles were among diabetic patients, five articles were among patients with HIV, two were among patients with stroke while chronic kidney disease and atrial fibrillation had one article each. The pooled prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension among patients with comorbidities was 78.6% (95% CI 71.1% to 85.3%); I² 95.9%, varying from 73.1% in patients with stroke to 100.0% in patients with atrial fibrillation. Subgroup analysis showed differences in uncontrolled hypertension prevalence by various study-level characteristics

conclusionThis study suggests a high burden of uncontrolled hypertension in people with comorbidities in SSA. Strategies to improve the control of hypertension among people with comorbidities are needed. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUMBER: CRD42019108218.

Indexed as

HypertensionAfrica South of the SaharaAntihypertensive AgentsComorbidityHumansPrevalenceAntihypertensive Agentsepidemiologyhypertensionpublic health

Identifiers

PMID34903530
PMCPMC8671923
OpenAlexW4200210185

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.