COVID-19 pandemic, mental health care, and the UK.

The unprecedented SARS-2 COVID-19 pandemic has had a profound impact on individuals, families, and societies worldwide. The impact of the illness does not only directly relate to poor health on infection but also social and political determinants of health. As such, the secondary effects of the pandemic have been profound. Mental health and well-being have been one such area of concern, with the causal links thought to occur in three ways. First: the impact on general population, particularly vulnerable groups such as BAME individuals; Second: the impact on people with pre-existing psychiatric disorders; Third: mental health of COVID patients and those who have recovered and their careers. There are lessons to be learnt from previous pandemics and the impact on mental health. There are high levels of anxiety, depression, substance use (particularly alcohol), posttraumatic stress symptoms, and survivor guilt. Within this context, there is a need to consider the differential impact on underprivileged populations. Vulnerable groups include women, children, elderly, minority racial and ethnic groups, LGBT + individuals and the poor. It is noted that these classifications are met with challenges related to definition, and there is significant heterogeneity within the groups and the focus on race, gender, and poverty must be seen through an intersectional lens.