ArticleEmerging microbes & infections2022
Pharmacologically induced endolysosomal cholesterol imbalance through clinically licensed drugs itraconazole and fluoxetine impairs Ebola virus infection
Article in Emerging microbes & infections, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers.
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Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 36 citations in OpenAlex.
- Ebola Virus Persistence Beyond Acute Infection: Could HIV-Associated Immune Dysfunction Influence Survivor Biology?Viruses · 2026Review
- Endolysosomal two-pore channels regulate a conserved entry pathway for enteroviruses.The Journal of general virology · 2026Article
- Temporal transcriptomics identifies early-response and infection-condition-specific modules guiding host-directed anti-EBOV therapeutics.Microbiology spectrum · 2026Article
- Analysis and identification of circRNA-regulated ceRNA networks associated with the virulence differences between PRV FA and FB strains.BMC veterinary research · 2026Article
- Dynamic regulatory mechanism of cholesterol 25-hydroxylase-mediated antiviral response in RNA virus infections.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2026Review
- IFITM3 at the viral fusion-pore checkpoint: membrane energetics and entry-route-dependent outcomes.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Phytochemical alkaloids orchestrate immunometabolism against viral infections.National science review · 2025Article
- Cholesterol and COVID-19-therapeutic opportunities at the host/virus interface during cell entry.Life science alliance · 2024Review
- Potential use of proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibition and prevention method in viral infection.Microbial cell factories · 2024Review
- Navigating the Complex Landscape of Ebola Infection Treatment: A Review of Emerging Pharmacological Approaches.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2024Review
- Study on the clinical efficacy and safety of baloxavir marboxil tablets in the treatment of influenza A.Frontiers in medicine · 2024Article
- An overview of the role of Niemann-pick C1 (NPC1) in viral infections and inhibition of viral infections through NPC1 inhibitor.Cell communication and signaling : CCS · 2023Review
- Clinically Evaluated COVID-19 Drugs with Therapeutic Potential for Biological Warfare Agents.Microorganisms · 2023Review
- 25-hydroxycholesterol: an integrator of antiviral ability and signaling.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Review
- Cholesterol content regulates silica-induced lysosomal membrane permeability.Frontiers in toxicology · 2023Article
- 3DEmerging microbes & infections · 2022Article
- Antiviral activity and mechanism of the antifungal drug, anidulafungin, suggesting its potential to promote treatment of viral diseases.BMC medicine · 2022Article
- Association of Amlodipine with the Risk of In-Hospital Death in Patients with COVID-19 and Hypertension: A Reanalysis on 184 COVID-19 Patients with Hypertension.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Article
- Repurposing Antifungals for Host-Directed Antiviral Therapy?Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022Review
- Herpes Simplex Virus-1 Induced Serotonin-Associated Metabolic Pathways Correlate With Severity of Virus- and Inflammation-Associated Ocular Disease.Frontiers in microbiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Ebola virus disease (EVD) is a severe and frequently lethal disease caused by Ebola virus (EBOV). The latest occasional EVD outbreak (2013-2016) in Western African, which was accompanied by a high fatality rate, showed the great potential of epidemic and pandemic spread. Antiviral therapies against EBOV are very limited, strain-dependent (only antibody therapies are available) and mostly restricted to symptomatic treatment, illustrating the urgent need for novel antiviral strategies. Thus, we evaluated the effect of the clinically widely used antifungal itraconazole and the antidepressant fluoxetine for a repurposing against EBOV infection. While itraconazole, similar to U18666A, directly binds to and inhibits the endosomal membrane protein Niemann-Pick C1 (NPC1), fluoxetine, which belongs to the structurally unrelated group of weakly basic, amphiphile so-called "functional inhibitors of acid sphingomyelinase" (FIASMA) indirectly acts on the lysosome-residing acid sphingomyelinase via enzyme detachment leading to subsequent lysosomal degradation. Both, the drug-induced endolysosomal cholesterol accumulation and the altered endolysosomal pH, might interfere with the fusion of viral and endolysosomal membrane, preventing infection with EBOV. We further provide evidence that cholesterol imbalance is a conserved cross-species mechanism to hamper EBOV infection. Thus, exploring the endolysosomal host-pathogen interface as a suitable antiviral treatment may offer a general strategy to combat EBOV infection.
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