ReviewDrugs2022
Recent Clinical Trials Insights into the Treatment of Primary Membranous Nephropathy.
Review in Drugs, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 21 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
21 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- Comparative Efficacy and Safety of Pharmacological Interventions for IgA Nephropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Pooled it
- Cyclophosphamide induced early remission and was superior to rituximab in idiopathic membranous nephropathy patients with high anti-PLA2R antibody levels.BMC nephrology · 2023Pooled it
- A single-center, open label, randomized, controlled study of hydroxychloroquine sulfate in the treatment of low risk PLABMC nephrology · 2024Trial
- Comparison of efficacy and safety among four therapeutic regimens in primary membranous nephropathy with high anti-PLA2R antibody titers: a single-center retrospective cohort study.BMC nephrology · 2026Article
- Article
- Efficacy and safety of obinutuzumab as rescue therapy for rituximab-resistant and rituximab-recurrent primary membranous nephropathy: a retrospective cohort study.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2026Article
- Optimizing treatment in PMN: efficacy and safety of rituximab-based regimens.International urology and nephrology · 2025Article
- Identification of early predictors of clinical remission in primary membranous nephropathy: aClinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- The role of B lymphocyte subsets in nephrotic syndrome: functions, mechanisms, clinical significance and future perspectives.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Influencing Factors of Treatment Response to Rituximab in Refractory Membranous Nephropathy.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Comparations of efficacy and safety of rituximab, calcineurin inhibitors and cyclophosphamide in primary membranous nephropathy: a single-center retrospective analysis.BMC nephrology · 2024Article
- Incidence and outcomes of kidney replacement therapy for end-stage kidney disease due to primary glomerular disease in Europe: findings from the ERA Registry.Nephrology, dialysis, transplantation : official publication of the European Dialysis and Transplant Association - European Renal Association · 2024Article
- Prognostic and therapeutic monitoring value of plasma and urinary cytokine profile in primary membranous nephropathy: the STARMEN trial cohort.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Article
- Development of Drug Efficacy Testing Platform for Glomerulonephritis.Micromachines · 2024Article
- Prediction of immunotherapy response in idiopathic membranous nephropathy using deep learning-pathological and clinical factors.Frontiers in endocrinology · 2024Article
- Therapy of membranous nephropathy:Clinical kidney journal · 2023Article
- Update on the Application of Monoclonal Antibody Therapy in Primary Membranous Nephropathy.Drugs · 2023Review
- Novel Treatments Paradigms: Membranous Nephropathy.Kidney international reports · 2023Review
- Comparative pharmacoeconomic analysis of rituximab and traditional tacrolimus regimens in membranous nephropathy in China.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2023Article
- Profile and primary treatment outcomes in membranous nephropathy.Saudi medical journal · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Immunosuppressive therapy is mandatory for primary membranous nephropathy with persistent nephrotic proteinuria or anti-phospholipase A2 receptor antibodies, reduced kidney function, or another risk factor for progression. Rituximab has demonstrated efficacy for proteinuria remission compared with renin-angiotensin system blockade or cyclosporine in two well-powered randomized controlled trials. More recently, STARMEN showed that alternating glucocorticoid-cyclophosphamide is superior to sequential tacrolimus-rituximab for proteinuria remission, although it was associated with a higher risk of non-serious adverse events. However, sequential tacrolimus-rituximab involved delayed lower dose rituximab and was the worst-performing rituximab regimen among those tested in randomized clinical trials. The RI-CYCLO pilot study did not demonstrate superiority of glucocorticoid-cyclophosphamide over rituximab and found no difference in adverse events. Overall, STARMEN and RI-CYCLO confirmed the efficacy of glucocorticoid-cyclophosphamide in patients with high-risk membranous nephropathy and the role of rituximab as a valid alternative. However, none of the trials tested an optimized rituximab protocol involving a second rituximab cycle before declaring treatment failure. Calcineurin inhibitors should be considered third-line drugs and sequential use of calcineurin inhibitor rituximab did not add over rituximab-only regimens. We critically review recent randomized controlled trials, propose a research agenda, and call for multinational pragmatic trials that enroll patients at referral centers to address unmet research needs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.