ReviewEuropean respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society2021
Interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features: challenges and controversies.
Review in European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Revisiting the INSPIRE trial: antibody profiling reveals high prevalence of occult autoimmunity.Respiratory research · 2026Trial
- Aspects of Quality of Life in Interstitial Lung Disease: Pilot Observational Cross-Sectional Study in a Single Center.JMIR formative research · 2026Observational
- Determinants of fungal infection and hospital readmission risk in interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features: associations with vitamin D and pirfenidone.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- CaNO and eCO Might Be Potential Non-Invasive Biomarkers for Disease Severity and Exacerbations in Interstitial Lung Disease.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Interstitial Lung Disease Secondary to Sjogren's Syndrome and Antisynthetase Syndrome: Converging Disease Trajectories.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Article
- Unraveling the Complexities of Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis with Autoimmune Features: A Retrospective Analysis.Advances in respiratory medicine · 2025Article
- Lung transplantation outcomes of patients with interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features: a single-centre retrospective cohort study.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2025Article
- Exploring Interstitial Pneumonia With Autoimmune Features: Case Study Insights and Review of Current Literature.Clinical case reports · 2025Article
- Pulmonary Complications in Connective Tissue Disease-Associated Interstitial Lung Disease.The clinical respiratory journal · 2025Review
- A case of rapidly progressive interstitial lung disease.Respiratory medicine case reports · 2025Article
- Proteomic profiling of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid uncovers protein clusters linked to survival in idiopathic forms of interstitial lung disease.ERJ open research · 2024Article
- Machine Learning of Plasma Proteomics Classifies Diagnosis of Interstitial Lung Disease.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024Article
- Proteomic profiling of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid uncovers protein clusters linked to survival in idiopathic forms of interstitial lung disease.medRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2024Article
- Performance of GAP and ILD-GAP models in predicting lung transplant or death in interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features.Rheumatology (Oxford, England) · 2024Article
- Interstitial Pneumonia with Autoimmune Features: Aiming to Define, Refine, and Treat.Revista colombiana de reumatologia · 2024Article
- Examining the incidence of interstitial lung disease subtypes in South America.Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia · 2024Article
- Connective tissue disease-associated interstitial lung disease.Jornal brasileiro de pneumologia : publicacao oficial da Sociedade Brasileira de Pneumologia e Tisilogia · 2024Review
- Interstitial pneumonia development after chemotherapy in B-cell non-hodgkin's lymphoma patients: clinical profiles and risk factors.American journal of cancer research · 2024Article
- Recurrent Exacerbations and Evolution into Polymyositis in a Patient with Interstitial Pneumonia with Autoimmune Features: A Case Report and Literature Review.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2023Review
- Fine-tuning characterization of patients with interstitial pneumonia and an underlying autoimmune disease in real-world practice: We get closer with Nailfold videocapillaroscopy.Frontiers in medicine · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
5 authors at 3 institutions in 3 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The presence of clinical, serological and/or radiological features suggestive, but not confirmatory, of a defined connective tissue disease in patients with interstitial lung disease is a relatively frequent occurrence. In 2015, the European Respiratory Society and the American Thoracic Society proposed classification criteria for the interstitial pneumonia with autoimmune features (IPAF) research entity to capture such patients in a standardised manner, with the intention of nurturing clinical research. This initiative resulted in the publication of several series of IPAF patients, with significant variation between cohorts in clinical characteristics, outcome and the application of IPAF criteria in patient selection. From this increasing body of published work, it has become apparent that revision of IPAF criteria is now required in order to justify the eventual designation of IPAF as a standalone diagnostic term, as opposed to a provisional entity put forward as a basis for clinical research. This review covers the current state of IPAF, conclusions that can and cannot be drawn from the IPAF evidence base, and ongoing uncertainties that require further expert group consideration.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.