ArticleNature communications2021
DNA/RNA heteroduplex oligonucleotide technology for regulating lymphocytes in vivo.
Article in Nature communications, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 11 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
11 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Peptide-phosphorodiamidate morpholino oligomer therapy for dysferlinopathy induces pseudoexon skipping and restoration of functional protein.JCI insight · 2026Article
- Heteroduplex oligonucleotide technology boosts gene knockdown in cardiac and skeletal muscles.Nucleic acids research · 2026Article
- DNA/RNA Heteroduplex Oligonucleotide for Highly Efficient Gene Silencing.Methods in molecular biology (Clifton, N.J.) · 2026Article
- Morpholino-RNA duplex exhibits robust, sustained, and safe steric-block antisense activity by intracerebroventricular and intrathecal injection.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
- RNA chemistry and therapeutics.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2025Review
- Stage-specific roles of clonally expanded CD8Nature communications · 2025Article
- Heteroduplex oligonucleotide technology boosts oligonucleotide splice switching activity of morpholino oligomers in a Duchenne muscular dystrophy mouse model.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Serine/threonine kinase TBK1 promotes cholangiocarcinoma progression via direct regulation of β-catenin.Oncogene · 2023Article
- DNA/RNA heteroduplex oligonucleotides: An unanticipated twist in the delivery of ASOs.Molecular therapy. Nucleic acids · 2022Article
- Digging into the biophysical features of cell membranes with lipid-DNA conjugates.Quarterly reviews of biophysics · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
10 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Manipulating lymphocyte functions with gene silencing approaches is promising for treating autoimmunity, inflammation, and cancer. Although oligonucleotide therapy has been proven to be successful in treating several conditions, efficient in vivo delivery of oligonucleotide to lymphocyte populations remains a challenge. Here, we demonstrate that intravenous injection of a heteroduplex oligonucleotide (HDO), comprised of an antisense oligonucleotide (ASO) and its complementary RNA conjugated to α-tocopherol, silences lymphocyte endogenous gene expression with higher potency, efficacy, and longer retention time than ASOs. Importantly, reduction of Itga4 by HDO ameliorates symptoms in both adoptive transfer and active experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis models. Our findings reveal the advantages of HDO with enhanced gene knockdown effect and different delivery mechanisms compared with ASO. Thus, regulation of lymphocyte functions by HDO is a potential therapeutic option for immune-mediated diseases.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.