Evidence mapPaperPMID 34939735Full record

SynthesisJournal of diabetes2022

Prevalence and impact of diabetes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Sian A Bradley, Maciej Banach, Negman Alvarado, Ivica Smokovski, Sonu M M Bhaskar

Open access · hybridAbstract readMeta-AnalysisSystematic Review
In one paragraph

Synthesis in Journal of diabetes, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 27 papers, 4 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
27citing papers in PubMed, 4 pooled it
2.3field-weighted citation impact, top 9% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

27 citing papers in PubMed, 4 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 51 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Pooled it
  4. Pooled it
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Article
  8. Longitudinal Evaluation of Metabolic Benefits of Inactivated COVID-19 Vaccination in Diabetic Patients in Tianjin, China.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2025
    Article
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Article
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Review
  16. Review
  17. Review
  18. Article
  19. Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

5 authors at 5 institutions in 4 countries.

Sian A BradleyGlobal Health Neurology and Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Sydney and Neurovascular Imaging Laboratory, Clinical Sciences Stream, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.
Maciej BanachPolish Mother's Memorial Hospital Research Institute and Department of Hypertension, Medical University of Lodz, Lodz, Poland.
Negman AlvaradoPeripheral Neurophysiology Service, NEUROMED-Argentina, Godoy Cruz, Argentina.
Ivica SmokovskiUniversity Clinic of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolic Disorders Skopje, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University Goce Delčev Štip, Štip, North Macedonia.
Sonu M M BhaskarGlobal Health Neurology and Translational Neuroscience Laboratory, Sydney and Neurovascular Imaging Laboratory, Clinical Sciences Stream, Ingham Institute for Applied Medical Research, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia.ORCID https://orcid.org/0000-0002-9783-3628
Goce Delcev University · MKMedical University of Lodz · PLNew South Wales Department of Health · AUUniversity of Mendoza · ARUNSW Sydney · AU

Funding

NSW Ministry of Health NSW Brain Clot Bank [2019-2022]
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundDiabetes is a cardiometabolic comorbidity that may predispose COVID-19 patients to worse clinical outcomes. This study sought to determine the prevalence of diabetes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients and investigate the association of diabetes severe COVID-19, rate of acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS), mortality, and need for mechanical ventilation by performing a systematic review and meta-analysis.

methodsIndividual studies were selected using a defined search strategy, including results up until July 2021 from PubMed, Embase, and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials. A random-effects meta-analysis was performed to estimate the proportions and level of association of diabetes with clinical outcomes in hospitalized COVID-19 patients. Forest plots were generated to retrieve the odds ratios (OR), and the quality and risk assessment was performed for all studies included in the meta-analysis.

resultsThe total number of patients included in this study was 10 648, of whom 3112 had diabetes (29.23%). The overall pooled estimate of prevalence of diabetes in the meta-analysis cohort was 31% (95% CI, 0.25-0.38; z = 16.09, P < .0001). Diabetes significantly increased the odds of severe COVID-19 (OR 3.39; 95% CI, 2.14-5.37; P < .0001), ARDS (OR 2.55; 95% CI, 1.74-3.75; P = <.0001), in-hospital mortality (OR 2.44; 95% CI, 1.93-3.09; P < .0001), and mechanical ventilation (OR 3.03; 95% CI, 2.17-4.22; P < .0001).

conclusionsOur meta-analysis demonstrates that diabetes is significantly associated with increased odds of severe COVID-19, increased ARDS rate, mortality, and need for mechanical ventilation in hospitalized patients. We also estimated an overall pooled prevalence of diabetes of 31% in hospitalized COVID-19 patients.

Indexed as

COVID-19Diabetes ComplicationsHospital MortalityHumansPrevalenceRespiration, ArtificialRespiratory Distress SyndromeCOVID-19diabetesmeta-analysismeta分析mortalityprevalenceSARS-CoV-2ventilation患病率新型冠状病毒肺炎死亡率糖尿病通气

Identifiers

PMID34939735
PMCPMC9060142
OpenAlexW4200535098

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.