ReviewBiomedicines2021
Drug Delivery Challenges in Brain Disorders across the Blood-Brain Barrier: Novel Methods and Future Considerations for Improved Therapy.
Review in Biomedicines, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 88 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
88 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 161 citations in OpenAlex.
- Investigating the Role of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps as a Therapeutic Target in Traumatic Brain Injury: a Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Pooled it
- Nanoformulations in epilepsy therapy - a systematic review of emerging strategies in status epilepticus.Daru : journal of Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences · 2025Pooled it
- Curcumin nanoformulations for modulating neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease: blood-brain barrier transport, formulation strategies and therapeutic applications.Inflammopharmacology · 2026Review
- Intranasal nanoemulsion for targeted medication delivery to the brain: a novel approach to treat psychotic disorder.Drug delivery and translational research · 2026Review
- In Vivo Electrochemical Monitoring of Safinamide Pharmacokinetics in the Brain Explores Its Correlation With Vision-Related Neuronal Activity.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Article
- Sequential release ofMaterials today. Bio · 2026Article
- Systematic Design and Evaluation of Nasal Drug Delivery for Central Nervous System Disease from Experimental to Clinical Application.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Peptide-Based Delivery Systems: Selected Insights into Cell-Penetrating Peptides.ACS chemical neuroscience · 2026Review
- Article
- Barrier-Oriented Design of Next-Generation Polymeric Nanocarriers for Targeted Drug Delivery.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- A Microfluidic Framework for Neuroprotective Compound Triage Across Ischemia and Neurodegeneration.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Nanostructured Lipid Carriers Enhance Brain Delivery and Antioxidant Efficacy of a Small-Molecule MAO B Inhibitor for Neurodegenerative Disease Therapy.Molecular pharmaceutics · 2026Article
- Recent Developments in Lipid Nanoparticle-Mediated Delivery of Biotherapeutics and Gene Therapy Across the Blood-Brain Barrier.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- Collecting Eggs, Not Killing Chickens: Why Stem Cell Secretome and Exosomes Are Redefining Regenerative Medicine for Healthspan Extension.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- New Strategies for the Prevention and Therapy of Alzheimer's Disease Based on Stimulation of Brain Drainage and Lymphatic Clearance.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Gold Nanoparticle-Based Precision Medicine Strategies for Glioblastoma: Current Biomedical Applications and Future Outlook.Molecules (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Breaking Barriers: Advancements in CNS Drug Delivery for Glioblastoma.Medical sciences (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Recent Advances in Nanoparticle-Based Drug Delivery Strategies to Cross the Blood-Brain Barrier in Targeted Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Optoelectronic Interfaces for Nongenetic Modulation of Excitable Tissues.Small methods · 2026Review
- Crossing the Blood-Brain Barrier with Molecularly Imprinted Polymeric Nanocarriers: An Emerging Frontier in Brain Disease Therapy.Advanced science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany) · 2026Review
28 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Due to the physiological and structural properties of the blood-brain barrier (BBB), the delivery of drugs to the brain poses a unique challenge in patients with central nervous system (CNS) disorders. Several strategies have been investigated to circumvent the barrier for CNS therapeutics such as in epilepsy, stroke, brain cancer and traumatic brain injury. In this review, we summarize current and novel routes of drug interventions, discuss pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics at the neurovascular interface, and propose additional factors that may influence drug delivery. At present, both technological and mechanistic tools are devised to assist in overcoming the BBB for more efficient and improved drug bioavailability in the treatment of clinically devastating brain disorders.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.