ReviewJournal of clinical medicine2021
Rituximab Therapy for Adults with Nephrotic Syndromes: Standard Schedules or B Cell-Targeted Therapy?
Review in Journal of clinical medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 24 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
24 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 31 citations in OpenAlex.
- The pharmacokinetics and its covariates of rituximab in different clinical populations: a systematic review and narrative synthesis.European journal of clinical pharmacology · 2026Pooled it
- Emerging Immune Cell Biomarkers in Primary Membranous Nephropathy: Immune Cell Profiling During Anti-CD20 B Cell-Targeted Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Delayed but durable remission to rituximab in PLA2R-associated membranous nephropathy despite B-cell reconstitution: a case report.BMC nephrology · 2026Article
- Prescription pattern assessment of pharmacotherapeutics used in the management of amyloidosis secondary to rheumatoid arthritis via systematic review and network meta-analysis.Journal of family medicine and primary care · 2026Review
- Combination of B-cell-guided rituximab and low-dose tacrolimus for primary membranous nephropathy: a retrospective cohort study.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Clinical effect of obinutuzumab in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- Clinical evaluation of rituximab combined with ACE inhibitors and statins in refractory nephrotic syndrome: associations with proteinuria, lipid profiles, and podocyte-related biomarkers.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Article
- Obinutuzumab in kidney transplantation: Past, present, and future.World journal of transplantation · 2025Review
- Anti-Rituximab Antibodies Occurrence and Clinical Outcomes in Patients With Primary Membranous Nephropathy.Kidney international reports · 2025Article
- Long-term efficacy of Rituximab in steroid dependent and frequent relapsing adult nephrotic syndrome.BMC nephrology · 2025Article
- Prospective study of the effect of rituximab on kidney function in membranous nephropathy.Clinical kidney journal · 2024Article
- A new perspective on therapies involving B-cell depletion in autoimmune diseases.Molecular biology reports · 2024Article
- Rituximab may affect T lymphocyte subsets balance in primary membranous nephropathy.BMC nephrology · 2024Article
- Different Dosage Regimens of Rituximab in Primary Membranous Nephropathy Treatment: A Systematic Review.International journal of nephrology and renovascular disease · 2024Review
- Dosing optimization of rituximab for primary membranous nephropathy by population pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Article
- Efficacy of tacrolimus monotherapy in primary membranous nephropathy.Open medicine (Warsaw, Poland) · 2024Article
- Early Exposure of Kidney Transplant Recipients with Chronic Antibody-Mediated Rejection to Tocilizumab-A Preliminary Study.Journal of clinical medicine · 2023Article
- Combination of Rituximab and Low-dose Tacrolimus in the Treatment of Refractory Membranous Nephropathy: A Retrospective Cohort StudyBalkan medical journal · 2023Article
- Monthly mini-dose rituximab for primary anti-PLA2R-positive membranous nephropathy: a personalized approach.BMC nephrology · 2023Article
- Repetitive administration of rituximab can achieve and maintain clinical remission in patients with MCD or FSGS.Scientific reports · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Rituximab is a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody. It acts mainly through complement-dependent cytotoxicity on B cells expressing the CD20 marker. In this review, we analyse the efficacy and possible pitfalls of rituximab to treat nephrotic syndromes by taking into account pharmacological considerations and CD19 marker testing utility. Despite the fact that the drug has been in use for years, efficacy and treatment schedules in adults with nephrotic syndrome are still a matter of debate. Clinical trials have proven the efficacy and safety of rituximab in idiopathic membranous nephropathy. Data from observational studies also showed the efficacy of rituximab in minimal change disease and focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. Rituximab use is now widely recommended by new Kidney Disease Improved Outcome (KDIGO) guidelines in membranous nephropathy and in frequent-relapsing, steroid-dependent minimal change disease or focal segmental glomerulosclerosis. However, rituximab response has a large interindividual variability. One reason could be that rituximab is lost in the urine at a higher extent in patients with nonselective nephrotic proteinuria, exposing patients to different rituximab plasma levels. Moreover, the association between CD19+ levels and clinical response or relapses is not always present, making the use of this marker in clinical practice complex. High resolution flow cytometry has increased the capability of detecting residual CD19+ B cells. Moreover, it can identify specific B-cell subsets (including IgG-switched memory B cells), which can repopulate at different rates. Its wider use could become a useful tool for better understanding reasons of rituximab failure or avoiding unnecessary retreatments.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.