Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34948535›Full record

ArticleInternational journal of environmental research and public health2021

Occupational Risk of Low-Level Blast Exposure and TBI-Related Medical Diagnoses: A Population-Based Epidemiological Investigation (2005-2015).

Jennifer N Belding, Robyn Englert, James Bonkowski, Cynthia J Thomsen

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in International journal of environmental research and public health, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed
4.6field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 35 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. PDE5 inhibition restores mitochondrial function and improves neurobehavioral outcomes after repeated mild blast TBI.Neurotherapeutics : the journal of the American Society for Experimental NeuroTherapeutics · 2026
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  5. Review
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  7. Modeling Highly Repetitive Low-level Blast Exposure in Mice.Journal of visualized experiments : JoVE · 2024
    Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Article
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Neurotrauma: 2024 update.Free neuropathology · 2024
    Article
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  17. Article
  18. Article
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  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

4 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Jennifer N BeldingLeidos, Inc., San Diego, CA 92106, USA.
Robyn EnglertLeidos, Inc., San Diego, CA 92106, USA.
James BonkowskiLeidos, Inc., San Diego, CA 92106, USA.
Cynthia J ThomsenNaval Health Research Center, San Diego, CA 92106, USA.
Leidos (United States) · USNaval Health Research Center · US

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Because traumatic brain injury (TBI)-most often caused by exposure to high-level blast (HLB)-is a leading cause of medical evacuations of deployed U.S. service members in recent conflicts, researchers seek to identify risk factors for TBI. Previous research using self-reported data has identified low-level blast (LLB) as one such risk factor and suggests an association with susceptibility to and symptoms associated with TBI. This article presents a population-based study of all branches of military service that examines the association between occupational risk for LLB and both clinically diagnosed TBIs-from concussions to severe and penetrating TBIs-and conditions commonly comorbid with concussion. Using archival medical and career records from >2 million service members between 2005-2015, this work demonstrates that occupational risk of LLB is associated with any TBI, mild TBI, moderate TBI, cognitive problems, communication problems, hearing problems, headaches, any behavioral health condition, anxiety, drug abuse/dependence, alcohol abuse/dependence, delirium/dementia, posttraumatic stress disorder, post-concussive syndrome, tinnitus, fatigue, and migraines. Understanding the full scope of the effects of LLB on service members will help ensure the health and readiness of service members and may influence both military policy and clinical practice guidelines for blast-induced injuries.

Indexed as

Blast InjuriesBrain ConcussionBrain Injuries, TraumaticMilitary PersonnelPost-Concussion SyndromeStress Disorders, Post-TraumaticExplosionsHumansblastconcussionepidemiologyhealthcarehigh-level blastlow-level blastmilitaryoverpressureTBI

Identifiers

PMID34948535
PMCPMC8700773
OpenAlexW4200587188

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.