Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34953926›Full record

Trial reportJournal of affective disorders2022

Ketamine vs midazolam: Mood improvement reduces suicidal ideation in depression.

Annabella Hochschild, John G Keilp, Sean P Madden, Ainsley K Burke, J John Mann, Michael F Grunebaum

Registry-linked trialOpen access · greenAbstract readRandomized Controlled Trial
PubMed Full text at PMC Publisher
In one paragraph

Trial report in Journal of affective disorders, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT01700829 (Ketamine vs. Midazolam), which is not on this map. Cited by 12 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
12citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
1.6field-weighted citation impact, top 17% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT01700829 phase4completednot on this map

Ketamine vs. Midazolam: Testing Rapid Relief of Suicide Risk in Depression

TypeinterventionalSponsorNew York State Psychiatric InstituteRan2012 to 2017Enrolled82ConditionsMajor Depressive Disorder, Suicidal IdeationArmsKetamine, Midazolam
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

12 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 21 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Trial
  4. Article
  5. Review: Suicide and its relationship to aggression and impulsivity.Cognitive, affective & behavioral neuroscience · 2025
    Review
  6. Article
  7. Review
  8. Article
  9. Review
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.

Annabella HochschildMolecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, and Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY.
John G KeilpMolecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, and Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY.
Sean P MaddenMolecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, and Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY.
Ainsley K BurkeMolecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, and Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY.
J John MannMolecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, and Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY.
Michael F GrunebaumMolecular Imaging and Neuropathology Division, New York State Psychiatric Institute, and Columbia University Irving Medical Center, New York, NY. Electronic address: Michael.grunebaum@nyspi.columbia.edu.
Columbia University Irving Medical Center · US

Funding

Ketamine vs Midazolam: Testing Rapid Relief of Suicide Risk in DepressionR01MH096784 · NIMH · NEW YORK STATE PSYCHIATRIC INSTITUTE DBA RESEARCH FOUNDATION FOR MENTAL HYGIENE, INC · PI GRUNEBAUM, MICHAEL F · 2012 to 2016
$2.8M
NIMH NIH HHS R01 MH096784
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveStudies demonstrate rapid antidepressant and anti-suicidal ideation effects of subanesthetic ketamine. The specific subcomponents of depression that are most closely tied to reduction of suicidal ideation with ketamine treatment are less explored.

methodsExploratory, post hoc analysis of data from a randomized clinical trial of ketamine vs midazolam in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD) and clinically significant suicidal ideation examined changes in factor analysis-derived symptom clusters from standard measures of depression (Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, HDRS; Beck Depression Inventory, BDI) and mood disturbance (Profile of Mood States, POMS), and their relationship to severity of suicidal ideation (Beck Scale for Suicidal Ideation; SSI). Ratings obtained before and one day after blinded intravenous infusion were decomposed into component factors or published subscales. Treatment effects on factors/subscales were compared between drugs, correlations with changes in suicidal ideation were tested, and stepwise regression was used to derive predictors of change in SSI.

resultsFactor scores for HDRS Psychic Depression, HDRS Anxiety, BDI Subjective Depression, POMS Depression and POMS Fatigue improved more with ketamine than midazolam. Stepwise regression showed across both drugs that improvement in HDRS Psychic Depression, POMS Depression, and HDRS Anxiety predicted 51.6% of the variance in reduction of suicidal ideation. LIMITATIONS: Secondary analysis of clinical trial data.

conclusionsKetamine's rapid effects on suicidal ideation appear to be mostly a function of its effects on core mood and anxiety symptoms of MDD, with comparatively little contribution from neurovegetative symptoms with the potential exception of vigor/fatigue.

trial registrationData used in this secondary analysis came from ClinicalTrials.gov identifier: NCT01700829.

Indexed as

KetamineMajor Depressive DisorderDepressionHumansMidazolamSuicidal IdeationKetamineMidazolam

Identifiers

PMID34953926
PMCPMC8828686
OpenAlexW4200454875

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceTDM
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.