Evidence map›Paper›PMID 34960698›Full record

ArticleViruses2021

Detection of Chronic Wasting Disease Prions in Fetal Tissues of Free-Ranging White-Tailed Deer.

Amy V Nalls, Erin E McNulty, Amber Mayfield, James M Crum, Michael K Keel, Edward A Hoover, Mark G Ruder, Candace K Mathiason

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Viruses, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
13citing papers in PubMed
1.1field-weighted citation impact, top 22% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

13 citing papers in PubMed, 22 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Cellular PrPThe Journal of general virology · 2026
    Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Article
  6. Article
  7. Tracking Prions by RT-QuIC: An Update.Sub-cellular biochemistry · 2025
    Review
  8. Chronic Wasting Disease: State of the Science.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
    Review
  9. Article
  10. Article
  11. Large animal models for chronic wasting disease.Cell and tissue research · 2023
    Review
  12. Review
  13. Review
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors at 4 institutions in 1 country.

Amy V NallsDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Erin E McNultyDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Amber MayfieldDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
James M CrumWildlife Resources Section, West Virginia Division of Natural Resources, Elkins, WV 26241, USA.
Michael K KeelDepartment of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
Edward A HooverDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.
Mark G RuderSoutheastern Cooperative Wildlife Disease Study, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-2161-6491
Candace K MathiasonDepartment of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO 80523, USA.ORCID 0000-0002-5920-4556
Colorado State University · USUniversity of California, Davis · USUniversity of Georgia · USWest Virginia Division of Natural Resources · US

Funding

Detection and Characterization of Blood-borne PrionsR01AI112956 · NIAID · COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI MATHIASON, CANDACE K. · 2014 to 2024
$4.6M
Mechanisms of prion spread and establishment of infectionR01NS107246 · NINDS · CREIGHTON UNIVERSITY · PI BARTZ, JASON C, KINCAID, ANTHONY E. · 2018 to 2022
$2.4M
Mother to Offspring Transmission of Chronic Wasting DiseaseR01AI093634 · NIAID · COLORADO STATE UNIVERSITY · PI MATHIASON, CANDACE K. · 2011 to 2015
$2.2M
NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI093634NIAID NIH HHS R01 AI112956NIH HHS R01I093634NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS107246
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

The transmission of chronic wasting disease (CWD) has largely been attributed to contact with infectious prions shed in excretions (saliva, urine, feces, blood) by direct animal-to-animal exposure or indirect contact with the environment. Less-well studied has been the role that mother-to-offspring transmission may play in the facile transmission of CWD, and whether mother-to-offspring transmission before birth may contribute to the extensive spread of CWD. We thereby focused on a population of free-ranging white-tailed deer from West Virginia, USA, in which CWD has been detected. Fetal tissues, ranging from 113 to 158 days of gestation, were harvested from the uteri of CWD+ dams in the asymptomatic phase of infection. Using serial protein misfolding amplification (sPMCA), we detected evidence of prion seeds in 7 of 14 fetuses (50%) from 7 of 9 pregnancies (78%), with the earliest detection at 113 gestational days. This is the first report of CWD detection in free ranging white-tailed deer fetal tissues. Further investigation within cervid populations across North America will help define the role and impact of mother-to-offspring vertical transmission of CWD.

Indexed as

AnimalsDeerFemaleFetal DiseasesFetusInfectious Disease Transmission, VerticalMalePregnancyPregnancy Complications, InfectiousPrionsWasting Disease, ChronicWest VirginiaPrionschronic wasting diseasefetal tissuesmother-to-offspring transmissionprionsRT-QuICsPMCA

Identifiers

PMID34960698
PMCPMC8705995
OpenAlexW4225608321

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.