ReviewThe Journal of physiology2022
Physiological aspects of cardiopulmonary dysanapsis on exercise in adults born preterm.
Review in The Journal of physiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 40 citations in OpenAlex.
- Physiological responses to exercise in survivors of preterm birth: a meta-analysis.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Pooled it
- Influence of Preterm Birth and Low Birthweight on Physical Fitness: A Systematic Review, Meta-Analysis, and Meta-Regression.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2024Pooled it
- The Effect of Preterm Birth on Maximal Aerobic Exercise Capacity and Lung Function in Healthy Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.Sports medicine (Auckland, N.Z.) · 2022Pooled it
- Early dysanapsis in experimental bronchopulmonary dysplasia: implications for lifelong lung disease.American journal of physiology. Lung cellular and molecular physiology · 2026Article
- Long-term pulmonary outcomes in BPD throughout the life-course.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Review
- Toward precision for bronchopulmonary dysplasia: Moving past current definitions.Journal of perinatology : official journal of the California Perinatal Association · 2026Review
- Effects of exercise during pregnancy on maternal and newborn outcomes.BMC pregnancy and childbirth · 2025Review
- Central and Peripheral Mechanisms of Low Exercise Capacity in Prematurely Born Adults.Comprehensive Physiology · 2025Article
- Lung MRI scoring reveals persistence of emphysema-like changes in lungs of infants born preterm at (pre)school age.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Pathophysiology of the right ventricle and its pulmonary vascular interaction.The European respiratory journal · 2024Review
- Pulmonary function and bronchopulmonary dysplasia classification: insights from the Spanish Registry.European journal of pediatrics · 2024Observational
- Cardiac dysfunction during exercise in young adults with bronchopulmonary dysplasia.ERJ open research · 2024Article
- Retrospective study of serial polysomnograms of bronchopulmonary dysplasia patients with oxygen dependence.Pediatric pulmonology · 2024Article
- Reply to TepperAmerican journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2024Article
- Dysanapsis as a Determinant of Lung Function in Development and Disease.American journal of respiratory and critical care medicine · 2023Article
- Consequences of Preterm Birth: Knowns, Unknowns, and Barriers to Advancing Cardiopulmonary Health.Integrative and comparative biology · 2023Article
- Exercise Capacity in Very Low Birth Weight Adults: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Microvascular and oxidative stress responses to acute high-altitude exposure in prematurely born adults.Scientific reports · 2023Article
- Differing Impact of Preterm Birth on the Right and Left Atria in Adulthood.Journal of the American Heart Association · 2022Article
- Exercise and hypoxia unmask pulmonary vascular disease and right ventricular dysfunction in a 10- to 12-week-old swine model of neonatal oxidative injury.The Journal of physiology · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Progressive improvements in perinatal care and respiratory management of preterm infants have resulted in increased survival of newborns of extremely low gestational age over the past few decades. However, the incidence of bronchopulmonary dysplasia, the chronic lung disease after preterm birth, has not changed. Studies of the long-term follow-up of adults born preterm have shown persistent abnormalities of respiratory, cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary function, possibly leading to a lower exercise capacity. The underlying causes of these abnormalities are incompletely known, but we hypothesize that dysanapsis, i.e. discordant growth and development, in the respiratory and cardiovascular systems is a central structural feature that leads to a lower exercise capacity in young adults born preterm than those born at term. We discuss how the hypothesized system dysanapsis underscores the observed respiratory, cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary limitations. Specifically, adults born preterm have: (1) normal lung volumes but smaller airways, which causes expiratory airflow limitation and abnormal respiratory mechanics but without impacts on pulmonary gas exchange efficiency; (2) normal total cardiac size but smaller cardiac chambers; and (3) in some cases, evidence of pulmonary hypertension, particularly during exercise, suggesting a reduced pulmonary vascular capacity despite reduced cardiac output. We speculate that these underlying developmental abnormalities may accelerate the normal age-associated decline in exercise capacity, via an accelerated decline in respiratory, cardiovascular and cardiopulmonary function. Finally, we suggest areas of future research, especially the need for longitudinal and interventional studies from infancy into adulthood to better understand how preterm birth alters exercise capacity across the lifespan.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.