ReviewFrontiers in medicine2021
The Effect of Ketogenic Diet on Inflammatory Arthritis and Cardiovascular Health in Rheumatic Conditions: A Mini Review.
Review in Frontiers in medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 53 citations in OpenAlex.
- Cardiovascular risk in axial spondyloarthritis-a systematic review.Clinical rheumatology · 2023Pooled it
- The value of targeting ketone body metabolism in inflammatory and autoimmune diseases.Journal of translational medicine · 2026Review
- Glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists in psoriasis and psoriatic arthritis: emerging evidence and future research opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Management of lipedema with a biphasic ketogenic/low-carbohydrate diet: a case report.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- Ultra-Processed Food Consumption and Systemic Inflammatory Biomarkers: A Scoping Review.Nutrients · 2025Article
- Longitudinal Data From the KETO-CTA Study: Plaque Predicts Plaque, ApoB Does Not.JACC. Advances · 2025Article
- Diabetic Ketoacidosis Is Associated with Lower Serum Sphingolipids but Higher β-Hydroxybutyrate and Lactate: A Pilot Study.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025Article
- The impact of fasting and caloric restriction on rheumatoid arthritis in humans: A narrative review.Clinical nutrition (Edinburgh, Scotland) · 2025Review
- Intermittent Fasting Improves Social Interaction and Decreases Inflammatory Markers in Cortex and Hippocampus.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Emerging biochemical, microbial and immunological evidence in the search for why HLA-BCell chemical biology · 2025Review
- Ketogenic diet improves disease activity and cardiovascular risk in psoriatic arthritis: A proof of concept study.PloS one · 2025Article
- The relationship between low-carbohydrate diet score, dietary macronutrient intake, and rheumatoid arthritis: results from NHANES 2011-2016.Clinical rheumatology · 2025Article
- Effect of anti-inflammatory diets on health-related quality of life in adults with chronic disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ nutrition, prevention & health · 2025Article
- β-hydroxybutyrate suppresses pathological changes of blood-induced arthropathy in rats.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Intermittent fasting reduces inflammation and joint damage in a murine model of rheumatoid arthritis: insights from transcriptomic and metagenomic analyses.BMC rheumatology · 2024Article
- The Effects of Smoking, Alcohol, and Dietary Habits on the Progression and Management of Spondyloarthritis.Journal of personalized medicine · 2024Review
- The Impact of a Ketogenic Diet on Late-Stage Pancreatic Carcinogenesis in Mice: Efficacy and Safety Studies.Nutrients · 2024Article
- Article
- Nutritional Considerations During Major Weight Loss Therapy: Focus on Optimal Protein and a Low-Carbohydrate Dietary Pattern.Current nutrition reports · 2024Review
- Metabolic Effects of Ketogenic Diets: Exploring Whole-Body Metabolism in Connection with Adipose Tissue and Other Metabolic Organs.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
11 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
The principle of ketogenic diet (KD) is restriction of carbohydrates to a maximum of 5-10% of the total daily caloric intake, aiming at shifting body metabolism toward ketone bodies. Different studies suggested promising results of KD to help patients to lose weight, to reduce insulin requirements in diabetes, to supplement cancer protocols, to treat neurological conditions and to optimize control of metabolic and cardiovascular diseases. However, literature about the anti-inflammatory properties of KD in rheumatic diseases is still limited. The beneficial effects of weight loss in patients with inflammatory arthritis can be explained by biomechanical and biochemical factors. Obesity is associated with macrophage activation and production of pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF-α, IL-1b, and IL-6. The clinical effect of KD may be primarily attributed to improvement of insulin sensitivity. Insulin resistance is associated with an increase of TNF-α, IL-1α, IL-1β, IL-6, and leptin. Moreover, reduction of body's adipose tissue and weight loss account for part of the anti-inflammatory effects and for the impact of KD on cardiovascular health. In rheumatoid arthritis, fasting was shown to be effective in reducing disease symptoms, possibly through the production of β-hydroxybutyrate (BHB), the main ketone body. BHB may exert inhibitory effects also on IL-17 and intermittent fasting improved the clinical manifestations of psoriatic arthritis. In ankylosing spondylitis, current literature doesn't allow to draw conclusion about the effects of KD. Future prospective studies will be needed to elucidate the potential beneficial effects of KD on specific domains and clinical outcomes in patients with inflammatory arthritis.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.