ArticleMolecular psychiatry2022
Maternal mid-gestational and child cord blood immune signatures are strongly associated with offspring risk of ASD.
Article in Molecular psychiatry, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 20 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
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Who cites it
20 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 30 citations in OpenAlex.
- Screen Time and Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Comprehensive Systematic Review of Risk, Usage, and Addiction.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2026Pooled it
- Maternal and neonatal cytokine profiles in a twin cohort: evidence from an exploratory pilot study of perinatal immune dysregulation in autism.Pediatric research · 2026Article
- Longitudinal multi-omics analysis of umbilical cord blood and childhood serum in Autism.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Article
- Diffuse neuroinflammation and immature neuron loss in fetal Rhesus macaques after short-term intrauterine infection.Journal of neuroinflammation · 2026Article
- Distinct protein profiles in cord blood plasma of children with autism spectrum disorder.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Interplay Between VCAM-1 and PGE2 Levels and Autism Spectrum Disorder Severity in Children-A Preliminary Single-Center Analysis.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Development and Validation of Prediction Models for the Diagnosis of Autism Spectrum Disorder in a Korean General Population.JAACAP open · 2025Article
- Association of a multiplex immune marker panel with incident cognitive impairment and dementia: The Northern Manhattan Study.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2025Article
- Autism likelihood in infants born to mothers with asthma is associated with blood inflammatory gene biomarkers in pregnancy.Brain, behavior, & immunity - health · 2024Article
- Arachidonic acid-derived dihydroxy fatty acids in neonatal cord blood relate symptoms of autism spectrum disorders and social adaptive functioning: Hamamatsu Birth Cohort for Mothers and Children (HBC Study).Psychiatry and clinical neurosciences · 2024Article
- Epigenetic scores derived in saliva are associated with gestational age at birth.Clinical epigenetics · 2024Article
- The Impact of Maternal Inflammatory Conditions During Pregnancy on the Risk of Autism: Methodological Challenges.Biological psychiatry global open science · 2024Article
- Pre-autism: What a paediatrician should know about early diagnosis of autism.World journal of clinical pediatrics · 2023Review
- Neonatal immune signatures differ by sex regardless of neurodevelopmental disorder status: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) alone reveals a sex by diagnosis interaction effect.Brain, behavior, and immunity · 2023Article
- Metabolomic analysis of maternal mid-gestation plasma and cord blood in autism spectrum disorders.Molecular psychiatry · 2023Article
- Association between history of miscarriage and autism spectrum disorder.European archives of psychiatry and clinical neuroscience · 2023Article
- Cohort-guided insights into gene-environment interactions in autism spectrum disorders.Nature reviews. Neurology · 2023Review
- Autism spectrum disorder diagnosis using a new panel of immune- and inflammatory-related serum biomarkers: A case-control multicenter study.Frontiers in pediatrics · 2023Article
- Differential Expression of Endogenous Retroviruses and Inflammatory Mediators in Female and Male Offspring in a Mouse Model of Maternal Immune Activation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Article
- Maternal blood inflammatory marker levels increased in fetuses with ventriculomegaly.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
10 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Epidemiological studies and work in animal models indicate that immune activation may be a risk factor for autism spectrum disorders (ASDs). We measured levels of 60 cytokines and growth factors in 869 maternal mid-gestational (MMG) and 807 child cord blood (CB) plasma samples from 457 ASD (385 boys, 72 girls) and 497 control children (418 boys, 79 girls) from the Norwegian Autism Birth Cohort. We analyzed associations first using sex-stratified unadjusted and adjusted logistic regression models, and then employed machine learning strategies (LASSO + interactions, Random Forests, XGBoost classifiers) with cross-validation and randomly sampled test set evaluation to assess the utility of immune signatures as ASD biomarkers. We found prominent case-control differences in both boys and girls with alterations in a wide range of analytes in MMG and CB plasma including but not limited to IL1RA, TNFα, Serpin E1, VCAM1, VEGFD, EGF, CSF1, and CSF2. MMG findings were most striking, with particularly strong effect sizes in girls. Models did not change appreciably upon adjustment for maternal conditions, medication use, or emotional distress ratings. Findings were corroborated using machine learning approaches, with area under the receiver operating characteristic curve values in the test sets ranging from 0.771 to 0.965. Our results are consistent with gestational immunopathology in ASD, may provide insights into sex-specific differences, and have the potential to lead to biomarkers for early diagnosis.
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Registered trials
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