Trial reportDiabetologia2022
Dietary carbohydrate restriction augments weight loss-induced improvements in glycaemic control and liver fat in individuals with type 2 diabetes: a randomised controlled trial.
Trial report in Diabetologia, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to trial NCT03814694 (Cut Down on Carbohydrate Usage in the Diet of Type 2 Diabetes; Mechanisms of Effective Therapy of Diabetes by Selective Choice of Macronutrients. The Hypo-energetic Study.), which is not on this map. Cited by 47 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Cut Down on Carbohydrate Usage in the Diet of Type 2 Diabetes; Mechanisms of Effective Therapy of Diabetes by Selective Choice of Macronutrients. The Hypo-energetic Study.
Who cites it
47 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 85 citations in OpenAlex.
- Effects of Lifestyle Modification on Intrapancreatic Fat Deposition: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Current obesity reports · 2026Pooled it
- Effects of carbohydrate-restricted diets and macronutrient replacements on cardiovascular health and body composition in adults: a meta-analysis of randomized trials.The American journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Impact of other macronutrient composition within high-protein diet on body composition and cardiometabolic health: a systematic review, pairwise, and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.International journal of obesity (2005) · 2025Pooled it
- Effect of dietary carbohydrate intake on glycaemic control and insulin resistance in type 2 diabetes: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Comparative effects of different macronutrient compositions for type 2 diabetes management: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized trials.Journal of health, population, and nutrition · 2025Pooled it
- Evolution of characteristics of MASLD with and without diabetes: a meta-analysis of placebo arms.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- Efficacy of a High-Protein Diet to Lower Glycemic Levels in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Effects of Acute Iso- and Hypocaloric Carbohydrate Restriction on Liver Fat and Glucose and Lipid Metabolism.The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism · 2026Trial
- Trial
- Low-calorie, high-protein diets, regardless of protein source, improve glucose metabolism and cardiometabolic profiles in subjects with prediabetes or type 2 diabetes and overweight or obesity.Diabetes, obesity & metabolism · 2025Trial
- Trial
- Systematic comparison of seven animal protein sources reveals more favorable glucose homeostasis in mice fed duck protein compared with pork protein, associated with gut microbiota and secondary bile acid metabolism.Food chemistry: X · 2026Article
- Conceptual framework and expert guidance on intrapancreatic fat deposition: the Melbourne consensus.Nature reviews. Gastroenterology & hepatology · 2026Review
- Effects of carbohydrate restriction on heart rate variability in people with type 2 diabetes during weight loss. A secondary analysis of a randomized controlled trial.American journal of preventive cardiology · 2026Article
- Review
- Personalized Optimal Fat Intake for Glycemic Health: Evidence of a U-Shaped Association and Heterogeneity From NHANES.Journal of diabetes research · 2026Article
- Recent Progress in Exploring Dietary Nutrition and Dietary Patterns in Periodontitis with a Focus on SCFAs.Nutrients · 2025Review
- Combination of Rare Sugars L-arabinose, D-mannose, D-xylose, D-allulose, and D-tagatose Alleviates Cognitive Impairment in Mice with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus.Molecular neurobiology · 2025Article
- Hepatic Insulin Resistance and Steatosis in Metabolic Dysfunction-Associated Steatotic Liver Disease: New Insights into Mechanisms and Clinical Implications.Diabetes & metabolism journal · 2025Review
- The Impact of Physical Activity on Metabolic Health and Cognitive Function in Postmenopausal Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.Metabolites · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
17 authors at 5 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
aims/hypothesisLifestyle modification and weight loss are cornerstones of type 2 diabetes management. However, carbohydrate restriction may have weight-independent beneficial effects on glycaemic control. This has been difficult to demonstrate because low-carbohydrate diets readily decrease body weight. We hypothesised that carbohydrate restriction enhances the beneficial metabolic effects of weight loss in type 2 diabetes.
methodsThis open-label, parallel RCT included adults with type 2 diabetes, HbA
resultsSeventy-two adults (CD 36, CRHP 36, all white, 38 male sex) with type 2 diabetes (mean duration 8 years, mean HbA CONCLUSIONS/
interpretationModerate carbohydrate restriction for 6 weeks modestly improved glycaemic control, and decreased circulating and intrahepatic triacylglycerol levels beyond the effects of weight loss itself compared with a CD diet in individuals with type 2 diabetes. Concurrent differences in protein and fat intakes, and the quality of dietary macronutrients, may have contributed to these results and should be explored in future studies.
trial registrationClinicalTrials.gov NCT03814694.
fundingThe study was funded by Arla Foods amba, The Danish Dairy Research Foundation, and Copenhagen University Hospital Bispebjerg Frederiksberg.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.