ReviewArchives of toxicology2022
Gadolinium: pharmacokinetics and toxicity in humans and laboratory animals following contrast agent administration.
Review in Archives of toxicology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. An erratum has been issued. Cited by 46 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
46 citing papers in PubMed, 106 citations in OpenAlex.
- Preclinical in-vivo cerebrovascular imaging in rodent models: Methods and applications in Alzheimer's disease.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2026Review
- Quantitative Analysis of Gadolinium Deposits in Liver Tissue of Patients After Single or Multiple Gadolinium-based Contrast Agent Application.Investigative radiology · 2026Article
- Multifunctional Nano-Contrast Agent Carriers: From Traditional Platforms to Next-Generation Theranostic Applications in Molecular Imaging.Biomedicines · 2026Review
- Designing Water-Soluble Macromolecules for Biomedical Use: PEG Chains versus Amino AcidsA Case Study in MRI Contrast Agents.ACS polymers Au · 2026Article
- Contrast enhanced CT and MRI interchangeably reflect tumor characteristics in murine pancreatic cancer.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Feasibility of co-polarizing ¹³C-pyruvate and ¹³C-tert-butanol for simultaneous metabolic and perfusion imaging.Npj imaging · 2026Article
- Zwitterionic Mn(III)-Tetraphenyl Porphyrins: Water-Soluble MRI Contrast Agents with High Relaxivity.ChemMedChem · 2026Article
- Emerging Role of Transcription Factor 19 (TCF19) in Inflammatory Disease and Cancer.Biomolecules · 2026Review
- Gadopentetate dimeglumine extravasation resulting in cutaneous ulceration: a case report.Journal of medical case reports · 2026Article
- Gadolinium-based contrast agents in pediatric MRI: renal safety, risk mitigation, and emerging alternatives.Pediatric radiology · 2026Review
- Contrast-induced acute kidney injury and nephrogenic systemic fibrosis in children.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2026Review
- Gd-EOB-DTPA-Enhanced Magnetic Resonance Imaging for Predicting Immunotherapy Response in Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Liver cancer · 2026Review
- Safety of a Tailored Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agent Protocol Considering Excretion Pathways in Patients with Renal Impairment.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- Environmental exposure to rare earth elements and respiratory health: an emerging public health concern.Frontiers in public health · 2026Review
- Purification and pharmacokinetic study of gadoxetate isomers for enhanced rabbit liver MR imaging.PloS one · 2026Article
- Combining Fluorescence and Magnetic Resonance Imaging in Drug Discovery-A Review.Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Pharmacokinetics, Excretion, and Organ Distribution of the Novel Gadolinium-Based MRI Contrast Agent Gadoquatrane in Female Cynomolgus Monkeys.Investigative radiology · 2025Article
- Hypersensitivity Reactions to Gadolinium-Based Contrast Agents: Update From an Allergist's Point of View.Clinical and translational allergy · 2025Review
- Gadolinium in the Environment: A Double-Edged Sword for Plant Growth and Ecosystem Stability.Metabolites · 2025Review
- Sinapic Acid-Conjugated Gadolinium Complexes as Anti-Inflammatory Theranostic Agents That Target Transforming Growth Factor β‑Activated Kinase 1 (TAK1).ACS pharmacology & translational science · 2025Article
Corrections and comments
- Erratum issued
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Gadolinium-based contrast agents (GBCAs) have transformed magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) by facilitating the use of contrast-enhanced MRI to allow vital clinical diagnosis in a plethora of disease that would otherwise remain undetected. Although over 500 million doses have been administered worldwide, scientific research has documented the retention of gadolinium in tissues, long after exposure, and the discovery of a GBCA-associated disease termed nephrogenic systemic fibrosis, found in patients with impaired renal function. An understanding of the pharmacokinetics in humans and animals alike are pivotal to the understanding of the distribution and excretion of gadolinium and GBCAs, and ultimately their potential retention. This has been well studied in humans and more so in animals, and recently there has been a particular focus on potential toxicities associated with multiple GBCA administration. The purpose of this review is to highlight what is currently known in the literature regarding the pharmacokinetics of gadolinium in humans and animals, and any toxicity associated with GBCA use.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.