ReviewCells2021
IL-33, an Alarmin of the IL-1 Family Involved in Allergic and Non Allergic Inflammation: Focus on the Mechanisms of Regulation of Its Activity.
Review in Cells, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 44 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
44 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 87 citations in OpenAlex.
- Association of Interleukin-33 with Recurrent Pregnancy Loss: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis Study.International journal of fertility & sterility · 2025Pooled it
- Modification of the dextran sodium sulfate model to identify agents that induce or exacerbate inflammatory bowel disease.Journal of immunotoxicology · 2026Article
- The association between soluble ST2 and transplant-free survival in precapillary pulmonary hypertension.JHLT open · 2026Article
- IL-33/IL1RL1 (ST2) signalling drives immune suppression in squamous intraepithelial hyperplasia.Tumour virus research · 2026Article
- Article
- Quercetin modulates mast cell activation and the IL-33/ST2/NF-κB axis in allergic rhinitis.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- IL-33-induced neuroimmune regulation in depression: A narrative review from molecular mechanisms to therapeutic potential.Medicine · 2026Review
- CCL5 deficiency aggravates acute DSS-induced colitis by restricting IL-33-induced formation of Tregs in intestinal tract.Clinical science (London, England : 1979) · 2026Article
- Impact of Transport Media on IL-33 Levels in Samples From Patients With Viral Respiratory Infections.Journal of immunology research · 2026Article
- IL-33 induces stronger responses in female mast cells and neutrophils: a role for the JNK pathway.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Article
- Senescence‑associated IL‑33 secretion undermines sorafenib efficacy in hepatocellular carcinoma via immune evasion.Oncology reports · 2025Article
- An Innovative Immunotoxin Design Against Allergy Based on the IL-33 Cytokine and the Ribotoxin α-Sarcin.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Activity-attenuated serum albumin-fused interleukin-33 suppresses experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.Cell reports. Medicine · 2025Article
- Identification of aging-related biomarkers and immune infiltration analysis in renal stones by integrated bioinformatics analysis.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Research progress on pathogenesis of skin pigmentation in chronic liver disease.Biomolecules & biomedicine · 2025Review
- Sex disparity in adult asthma-A potential immunomodulatory role of let-7 family microRNAs.Clinical and translational allergy · 2025Article
- Safety, tolerability, pharmacokinetics, immunogenicity and pharmacodynamics of 9MW1911, an anti-ST2 monoclonal antibody: results from a first-in-human phase 1 study.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- The interaction between obesity and sex alters the response to house dust mite in an experimental model of allergic lung inflammation.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2025Article
- Phenotype wide association study links bronchopulmonary dysplasia with eosinophilia in children.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- TL1A is an epithelial alarmin that cooperates with IL-33 for initiation of allergic airway inflammation.The Journal of experimental medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
1 author at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Interleukin-33 (IL-33) is a member of the interleukin-1 (IL-1) family that is expressed in the nuclei of endothelial and epithelial cells of barrier tissues, among others. It functions as an alarm signal that is released upon tissue or cellular injury. IL-33 plays a central role in the initiation and amplification of type 2 innate immune responses and allergic inflammation by activating various target cells expressing its ST2 receptor, including mast cells and type 2 innate lymphoid cells. Depending on the tissue environment, IL-33 plays a wide variety of roles in parasitic and viral host defense, tissue repair and homeostasis. IL-33 has evolved a variety of sophisticated regulatory mechanisms to control its activity, including nuclear sequestration and proteolytic processing. It is involved in many diseases, including allergic, inflammatory and infectious diseases, and is a promising therapeutic target for the treatment of severe asthma. In this review, I will summarize the literature around this fascinating pleiotropic cytokine. In the first part, I will describe the basics of IL-33, from the discovery of interleukin-33 to its function, including its expression, release and signaling pathway. The second part will be devoted to the regulation of IL-33 protein leading to its activation or inactivation.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.