Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35012125›Full record

ArticlePolymers2021

Development and Optimization of Acriflavine-Loaded Polycaprolactone Nanoparticles Using Box-Behnken Design for Burn Wound Healing Applications.

Touseef Nawaz, Muhammad Iqbal, Barkat Ali Khan, Asif Nawaz, Talib Hussain, Khaled M Hosny, Walaa A Abualsunun, Waleed Y Rizg

Abstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Polymers, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 14 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
14citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

14 citing papers in PubMed.

  1. Review
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  4. Current drug discovery technologies · 2025
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  9. Development of Chincho (Gels (Basel, Switzerland) · 2022
    Article
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  11. Article
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

8 authors.

Touseef NawazFaculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D. I. Khan 29050, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-8196-0390
Muhammad IqbalFaculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D. I. Khan 29050, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-4759-0699
Barkat Ali KhanFaculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D. I. Khan 29050, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0003-4920-1770
Asif NawazFaculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, D. I. Khan 29050, Pakistan.ORCID 0000-0002-3232-0258
Talib HussainInstitute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, Lahore 54000, Pakistan.
Khaled M HosnyDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia.
Walaa A AbualsununDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia.
Waleed Y RizgDepartment of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah 21577, Saudi Arabia.ORCID 0000-0002-3088-4084

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Nanoparticles are used increasingly for the treatment of different disorders, including burn wounds of the skin, due to their important role in wound healing. In this study, acriflavine-loaded poly (ε-caprolactone) nanoparticles (ACR-PCL-NPs) were prepared using a double-emulsion solvent evaporation method. All the formulations were prepared and optimized by using a Box-Behnken design. Formulations were evaluated for the effect of independent variables, i.e., poly (ε-caprolactone) (PCL) amount (X1), stirring speed of external phase (X2), and polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) concentration (X3), on the formulation-dependent variables (particle size, polydispersity index (PDI), and encapsulation efficiency) of ACR-PCL-NPs. The zeta potential, PDI, particle size, and encapsulation efficiency of optimized ACR-PCL-NPs were found to be -3.98 ± 1.58 mV, 0.270 ± 0.19, 469.2 ± 5.6 nm, and 71.9 ± 5.32%, respectively. The independent variables were found to be in excellent correlation with the dependent variables. The release of acriflavine from optimized ACR-PCL-NPs was in biphasic style with the initial burst release, followed by a slow release for up to 24 h of the in vitro study. Morphological studies of optimized ACR-PCL-NPs revealed the smooth surfaces and spherical shapes of the particles. Thermal and FTIR analyses revealed the drug-polymer compatibility of ACR-PCL-NPs. The drug-treated group showed significant re-epithelialization, as compared to the controlled group.

Indexed as

acriflavineBox–Behnken designburn woundnanoparticlespolycaprolactone

Identifiers

PMID35012125
PMCPMC8747314

What Socratic holds

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Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.