ReviewMolecular neurobiology2022
Neuroinflammation and Proinflammatory Cytokines in Epileptogenesis.
Review in Molecular neurobiology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 141 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
141 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 234 citations in OpenAlex.
- A Correlation between Inflammatory Factors and Epileptic Seizures: A Meta-analysis.Actas espanolas de psiquiatria · 2025Pooled it
- A Systematic Review of the Predictive and Diagnostic Uses of Neuroinflammation Biomarkers for Epileptogenesis.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- Mendelian randomization study shows a causal effect of asthma on epilepsy risk.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Neurometabolite abnormalities and associations with epilepsy duration and cognition in patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsies.Epilepsia open · 2026Article
- Clinical application of artificial intelligence technology in epilepsy.Acta epileptologica · 2026Review
- Epilepsy as a Multiscale Network Disorder: Integrating Precision Therapeutics and Emerging Experimental Platforms.Pharmaceutics · 2026Review
- Therapeutic potential of spirulina and its bioactive compound phycocyanin in neuropsychiatric disorders.Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Silymarin Reverses Seizure-Precipitating Effects of Alcohol and Associated Psychiatric Comorbidities, and Neurotoxicity in Pentylenetetrazol Pre-Kindled Mice.Neurotoxicity research · 2026Article
- The roles of microglia and astrocytes in inflammasomes and neurological disorders.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Neuroinflammation in Epilepsy: Biochemical and Molecular Mechanisms and Implications for Natural Product-Driven Drug Discovery.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Minute-Resolution Sampling Reveals Rapid and Stimulus-Specific IL-1β Dynamics During Acute Epileptiform Activity.Neurochemical research · 2026Article
- Integrated Bioinformatics and in vivo Validation Identify the MTRNR2L1/MTRNR2L10 Axis as a Candidate Regulator Associated with Cortical NLRP3 Inflammasome-Related Signaling in Experimental Epilepsy.Journal of molecular neuroscience : MN · 2026Article
- Immunomodulatory Effects of Anti-Epileptic Drug Lacosamide on Mammalian Macrophages.Cell biochemistry and biophysics · 2026Article
- Article
- Platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio as an indicator of idiopathic epilepsy in dogs.Journal of veterinary internal medicine · 2026Article
- Review
- Neuroinflammation promotes the development of pharmacoresistant epilepsy by triggering the MSK1/CREB signaling pathway.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Detection of inflammation-related blood-brain barrier dysfunction using PET and MR imaging: a pilot study.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- mtDNA leakage promotes neuron-glia crosstalk to induce epilepsy by cGAS-STING-driven neuroinflammation and serine metabolic reprogramming.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- The potential role of COX-2/PGs signaling pathway in epileptogenesis and associated neuroinflammation: collusions or serendipity.Neurological sciences : official journal of the Italian Neurological Society and of the Italian Society of Clinical Neurophysiology · 2026Review
81 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Increasing evidence corroborates the fundamental role of neuroinflammation in the development of epilepsy. Proinflammatory cytokines (PICs) are crucial contributors to the inflammatory reactions in the brain. It is evidenced that epileptic seizures are associated with elevated levels of PICs, particularly interleukin-1β (IL-1β), IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), which underscores the impact of neuroinflammation and PICs on hyperexcitability of the brain and epileptogenesis. Since the pathophysiology of epilepsy is unknown, determining the possible roles of PICs in epileptogenesis could facilitate unraveling the pathophysiology of epilepsy. About one-third of epileptic patients are drug-resistant, and existing treatments only resolve symptoms and do not inhibit epileptogenesis; thus, treatment of epilepsy is still challenging. Accordingly, understanding the function of PICs in epilepsy could provide us with promising targets for the treatment of epilepsy, especially drug-resistant type. In this review, we outline the role of neuroinflammation and its primary mediators, including IL-1β, IL-1α, IL-6, IL-17, IL-18, TNF-α, and interferon-γ (IFN-γ) in the pathophysiology of epilepsy. Furthermore, we discuss the potential therapeutic targeting of PICs and cytokine receptors in the treatment of epilepsy.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.