Neuropsychology's race problem does not begin or end with demographically adjusted norms.

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

Who cites it

23 citing papers in PubMed.

1. Psychometric evaluation of California Verbal Learning Test second edition short form (CVLT-II SF) score validity in American Indian adults: The Strong Heart Study.Neuropsychology · 2026
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2. Comparing Demographic Effects on Current and Novel Neuropsychological Measures in Older Adults with and without Alzheimer's Disease.Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists · 2025
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3. Screening for a "trifecta" of executive function patterns in a large cohort of individuals with Parkinson's disease.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2025
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4. Montefiore Einstein Robust Geriatric Normative Project: Robust Age- and Regression-Based Demographic Norms for the Repeatable Battery for Neuropsychological Status and Select Neuropsychological Tests in Older Adults.Archives of clinical neuropsychology : the official journal of the National Academy of Neuropsychologists · 2025
   Article
5. Correlations Between County-Level Social Determinants of Health and Traumatic Brain Injury-Related Mortality in the United States.Neurotrauma reports · 2025
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6. Evaluating Social Determinants of Health-Based Alternatives to Race-Based Cognitive Normative Models.Neurology · 2024
   Article
7. Mobility-Based Smartphone Digital Phenotypes for Unobtrusively Capturing Everyday Cognition, Mood, and Community Life-Space in Older Adults: Feasibility, Acceptability, and Preliminary Validity Study.JMIR human factors · 2024
   Article
8. Identification of amnestic mild cognitive impairment among Black and White community-dwelling older adults using NIH Toolbox Cognition tablet battery.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2024
   Article
9. Psychometric reliability, validity, and generalizability of 3MSE scores among American Indian adults: the Strong Heart Study.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2024
   Article
10. Robust reference group normative data for neuropsychological tests accounting for primary language use in Asian American older adults.Journal of the International Neuropsychological Society : JINS · 2024
    Article
11. An Ethics and Social-Justice Approach to Collecting and Using Demographic Data for Psychological Researchers.Perspectives on psychological science : a journal of the Association for Psychological Science · 2023
    Article
12. Evaluation of Neighborhood-Level Disadvantage and Cognition in Mexican American and Non-Hispanic White Adults 50 Years and Older in the US.JAMA network open · 2023
    Article
13. Misinterpreting cognitive change over multiple timepoints: When practice effects meet age-related decline.Neuropsychology · 2023
    Article
14. Neurocognitive Dysfunction With Neuronal Injury in People With HIV on Long-Duration Antiretroviral Therapy.Neurology · 2023
    Observational
15. Outcome measures for Alzheimer's disease: A global inter-societal Delphi consensus.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2023
    Article
16. The influence of culture and cognitive reserve on the clinical presentation of behavioural-variant frontotemporal dementia.Journal of neurology · 2023
    Article
17. Capturing Cognitive Aging in Vivo: Application of a Neuropsychological Framework for Emerging Digital Tools.JMIR aging · 2022
    Article
18. Feasibility, validity, and normative data for the remote Uniform Data Set neuropsychological battery at the University of Pennsylvania Alzheimer's Disease Research Center.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
    Article
19. MindingMe: A Feasibility Study on Conducting Neuroimaging Research Among Diverse Groups.Nursing research
    Article
20. Everyday functioning as a predictor of cognitive status in a group of community-dwelling, predominantly Black adults.Alzheimer's & dementia (Amsterdam, Netherlands)
    Article

Corrections and comments

• Commented on by
  Addressing racial inequities in neuropsychological assessment requires international prescriptive standards, not demographically adjusted norms.2022

Authors and funding

2 authors.

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

Abstract

PubMed holds no abstract for this paper.

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