Observational studyAnnals of clinical and translational neurology2022
sTWEAK is a leukoaraiosis biomarker associated with neurovascular angiopathy.
Observational study in Annals of clinical and translational neurology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 10 papers.
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Who cites it
10 citing papers in PubMed, 13 citations in OpenAlex.
- In Vitro Analysis of TWEAK/Fn14 Axis in the Blood-Brain Barrier Models during Oxygen-Glucose Deprivation and Reoxygenation.Molecular neurobiology · 2026Article
- Association between periodontitis, leukoaraiosis and sTWEAK. A case-control study.Frontiers in oral health · 2026Article
- Hyperthermia and Early Growth of Cerebral Infarct: The Potential Role of Blood-Brain Barrier Permeability.Translational stroke research · 2025Article
- Molecular and Neuroimaging Profile Associated with the Recurrence of Different Types of Strokes: Contribution from Real-World Data.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Precision Medicine for Blood Glutamate Grabbing in Ischemic Stroke.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Observational
- Correlations of Plasma Biomarkers and Imaging Characteristics of Cerebral Small Vessel Disease.Brain sciences · 2024Review
- Differential blood-based biomarkers of subcortical and deep brain small vessel disease.Therapeutic advances in neurological disorders · 2024Article
- Review
- Need for a Paradigm Shift in the Treatment of Ischemic Stroke: The Blood-Brain Barrier.International journal of molecular sciences · 2022Review
- Antihyperthermic Treatment in the Management of Malignant Infarction of the Middle Cerebral Artery.Journal of clinical medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
12 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveLeukoaraiosis (LA) refers to white matter lesions of undetermined etiology associated with the appearance and worsening of vascular pathologies. The aim is to confirm an increased frequency and intensity of LA in symptomatic patients with neurovascular pathology compared with asymptomatic subjects, and its association with circulating serum levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor-like weak inducer of apoptosis (sTWEAK).
methodsAn observational study was conducted in which two groups of patients were compared. Group I (N = 242) comprised of asymptomatic subjects with arterial hypertension and/or diabetes or with a history of transient ischemic attacks, and Group II (N = 382) comprised patients with lacunar stroke or deep hemispheric intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH) of hypertensive origin. Serum levels of sTWEAK were analyzed and correlated with prevalence and intensity of LA according to the Fazekas scale.
resultsThe prevalence of LA was higher in symptomatic (85.1%) versus asymptomatic patients (62.0%). Logistic regression model showed a significant relation of LA with neurovascular pathologies (OR: 2.69, IC 95%: 1.10-6.59, p = 0.003). When stratified according to the Fazekas scale, LA of grade II (OR: 3.53, IC 95%: 1.10-6.59, p = 0.003) and specially grade III (OR: 4.66, 95% CI: 1.09-19.84, p = 0.037) showed correlation with neurovascular pathologies. Increased sTWEAK levels were found in the symptomatic group in all LA grades (p < 0.0001), and associated with 5.06 times more risk of presenting clinical symptoms (OR: 5.06, 95% CI: 2.66-9.75, p < 0.0001).
interpretationLA showed a higher prevalence in patients with symptomatic lacunar stroke or deep hemispheric ICH. There is an association between sTWEAK levels and LA degree.
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