ReviewViruses2022
HIV-1 and HTLV-1 Transmission Modes: Mechanisms and Importance for Virus Spread.
Review in Viruses, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
40 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it.
- Association BetweenPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Pooled it
- Advances in preventive vaccine development against HTLV-1 infection: A systematic review of the last 35 years.Frontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Research progress on the role of IL‑37 in gynecological and obstetrics‑related diseases (Review).International journal of molecular medicine · 2026Review
- Article
- The Prevalence of Syphilis, HTLV I/II, and Malaria Among Blood Donors at the Riyadh Regional Laboratory: A Retrospective Study from Saudi Arabia.Journal of clinical medicine · 2026Article
- The challenge of HTLV-1 therapeutics: lessons from anti-protease approaches.New microbes and new infections · 2026Review
- Immunological Determinants of Oncogenic Virus-Driven Cancers in Africa: Mechanisms, Co-Infections and Public Health Challenges.Pathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Molecular and Phylogenetic Characterization of HTLV-1 Infection in Patients With Hematological Malignancies in the State of Pará, Northern Brazil.Journal of medical virology · 2026Article
- Successful multidisciplinary management of non-muscle-invasive upper tract urothelial carcinoma in a patient with HIV and concurrent staghorn calculus: a case report.AIDS research and therapy · 2026Article
- Review
- Functional roles, mechanistic insights, and therapeutic potential of the IGF2BP family in viral infections and virus-associated cancers.Journal of molecular histology · 2026Review
- Cutting-edge developments in computer-aided anti-HIV drug design.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Article
- The relationship between HERVs and exogenous viral infections: A focus on the value of HERVs in disease prediction and treatment.Virulence · 2025Review
- Highly efficient production of HIV-1Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Direct Intercellular Transport Mode of Filovirus Nucleocapsids.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Article
- Prevalence and genetic diversity of HTLV-1 among blood donors in Jiroft, Iran: a comprehensive study.Virus genes · 2025Article
- Article
- Progress and Recent Developments in HIV Vaccine Research.Vaccines · 2025Review
- Molecular mechanisms of viral oncogenesis in haematological malignancies: perspectives from metabolic reprogramming, epigenetic regulation and immune microenvironment remodeling.Experimental hematology & oncology · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
3 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
So far, only two retroviruses, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) (type 1 and 2) and human T-cell lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV-1), have been recognized as pathogenic for humans. Both viruses mainly infect CD4+ T lymphocytes. HIV replication induces the apoptosis of CD4 lymphocytes, leading to the development of acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS). After a long clinical latency period, HTLV-1 can transform lymphocytes, with subsequent uncontrolled proliferation and the manifestation of a disease called adult T-cell leukemia (ATLL). Certain infected patients develop neurological autoimmune disorder called HTLV-1-associated myelopathy, also known as tropical spastic paraparesis (HAM/TSP). Both viruses are transmitted between individuals via blood transfusion, tissue/organ transplantation, breastfeeding, and sexual intercourse. Within the host, these viruses can spread utilizing either cell-free or cell-to-cell modes of transmission. In this review, we discuss the mechanisms and importance of each mode of transmission for the biology of HIV-1 and HTLV-1.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.