ReviewFrontiers in cell and developmental biology2021
Autophagy, Pyroptosis, and Ferroptosis: New Regulatory Mechanisms for Atherosclerosis.
Review in Frontiers in cell and developmental biology, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 106 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
106 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 153 citations in OpenAlex.
- Crosstalk between ferroptosis and chondrocytes in osteoarthritis: a systematic review ofFrontiers in immunology · 2023Pooled it
- Imbalance of the Regulated Cell Death and Autophagic Network: A Core Mechanism Driving Toxicological and Ischemic Myocardial Injury and a Target for Intervention with Traditional Chinese Medicine.Cardiovascular toxicology · 2026Review
- Theaflavin attenuates atherosclerosis by targeting GSK-3β to suppress pyroptosis and Promote Autophagy in macrophages.Inflammation research : official journal of the European Histamine Research Society ... [et al.] · 2026Article
- Molecular mechanisms of iron metabolism and ferroptosis in cardiovascular diseases and intervention strategies targeting natural products (Review).Molecular medicine reports · 2026Review
- How to recognize if a cell dies from pyroptosis?Molecular biology reports · 2026Review
- Serum GPX4, ALOX15, and FPN1 are associated with severity of carotid atherosclerosis: a cross-sectional observational study.BMC neurology · 2026Observational
- The role of autophagy in spinal cord injury: Mechanisms, crosstalk, and therapeutic strategies.Neural regeneration research · 2026Article
- Celastrol ameliorates atherosclerosis by inhibiting TLR4/STAT3/NLRP3-mediated macrophage pyroptosis.Chinese medicine · 2026Article
- Interconnected cell death pathways: central mechanisms and therapeutic targets in impaired follicular development of polycystic ovary syndrome.Journal of ovarian research · 2026Review
- Distinct types of regulated cell death in atherosclerosis.Journal of pharmaceutical analysis · 2026Review
- Matrine Alleviates Atherosclerosis by Targeting REG1A and Activating the PI3K/AKT/mTOR Pathway to Inhibit Endothelial Cell Ferroptosis.Biochemical genetics · 2026Article
- USP7 Drives Atherosclerosis by Promoting Ferroptosis in Vascular Endothelial Cells via the KIAA1429/NEAT1/CTCF Axis.Biological procedures online · 2026Article
- Role of abnormal phosphatidylcholine metabolism in endoplasmic reticulum stress-induced carotid artery plaque destabilization.Atherosclerosis plus · 2026Article
- Insights Into Macrophage Ferroptosis: Implications for Atherosclerosis.Cell proliferation · 2026Review
- Lipophagy Dynamics in Hyperlipidemia Model ICR Mice Across Different High-Fat-Diet Feeding Durations.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Cross-regulation of autophagy and pyroptosis: a new perspective on the inflammatory microenvironment of atherosclerosis.Apoptosis : an international journal on programmed cell death · 2026Review
- The cardiovascular-immune axis: crosstalk and therapy in atherosclerosis, myocarditis and vasculitis.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- Novel insights of ferroptosis in atherosclerosis progression.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Review
- Ferroptosis in arterial atherosclerosis: mechanistic hypotheses, cell type specific vulnerabilities, translational biomarkers, and therapeutic opportunities.Frontiers in immunology · 2026Review
- PI3K/AKT signaling pathway: new strategies for treating atherosclerosis with plant-derived compounds.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2026Review
46 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a chronic inflammatory disorder characterized by the gradual buildup of plaques within the vessel wall of middle-sized and large arteries. The occurrence and development of atherosclerosis and the rupture of plaques are related to the injury of vascular cells, including endothelial cells, smooth muscle cells, and macrophages. Autophagy is a subcellular process that plays an important role in the degradation of proteins and damaged organelles, and the autophagy disorder of vascular cells is closely related to atherosclerosis. Pyroptosis is a proinflammatory form of regulated cell death, while ferroptosis is a form of regulated nonapoptotic cell death involving overwhelming iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. Both of them exhibit distinct features from apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy in morphology, biochemistry, and genetics. However, a growing body of evidence suggests that pyroptosis and ferroptosis interact with autophagy and participate in the development of cancers, degenerative brain diseases and cardiovascular diseases. This review updated the current understanding of autophagy, pyroptosis, and ferroptosis, finding potential links and their effects on atherogenesis and plaque stability, thus providing ways to develop new pharmacological strategies to address atherosclerosis and stabilize vulnerable, ruptured plaques.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.