ReviewJournal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle2022
Pathogenesis of sarcopenia and the relationship with fat mass: descriptive review.
Review in Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 408 papers, 5 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
408 citing papers in PubMed, 5 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 534 citations in OpenAlex.
- Systematic review and meta-analysis of biomarkers of sarcopenia and sarcopenic obesity.Medicine · 2026Pooled it
- Effectiveness of Whey Protein Supplementation in Weight Loss Interventions for Patients with Obesity: A Systematic Review.Nutrients · 2026Pooled it
- Comparative effectiveness of exercise modalities and nutritional supplementation for sarcopenic obesity in older adults: a network meta-analysis based on randomized controlled trials.Frontiers in public health · 2026Pooled it
- Interplay between frailty and cardiometabolic disorders: from pathophysiology to clinical implications.Cardiovascular diabetology · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of exercise with or without a hypocaloric diet on intermuscular and intramuscular fat: a systematic review.Aging clinical and experimental research · 2025Pooled it
- Effects of Coenzyme Q10 Supplementation on Physical Function Adaptations to High-Intensity Interval Training in Older Adults.Nutrients · 2025Trial
- Association Between Changes in Body Composition and Physical Function After Intensive Behavioral Weight-loss Intervention: A Look AHEAD Trial Subgroup Analysis.The journals of gerontology. Series A, Biological sciences and medical sciences · 2025Trial
- GDF8 and activin A are the key negative regulators of muscle mass in postmenopausal females: a randomized phase I trial.Nature communications · 2025Trial
- Association of body mass index with postoperative pulmonary complications and potential explanatory pathways in paediatric scoliosis correction surgery: a multicentre cohort study.Annals of medicine · 2026Article
- Consensus-Defined Sarcopenic Obesity and a Related Dynapenic Obesity Phenotype in Relation to Early Cognitive Impairment.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2026Article
- Evaluation of prostate artery embolization for benign prostatic hyperplasia.International urology and nephrology · 2026Article
- Sarcopenic obesity is associated with more severe functional impairment and lumbar degeneration in patients with degenerative lumbar spinal stenosis.European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society · 2026Article
- Extracellular Vesicle-Mediated Local and Systemic Communication in Metabolic Diseases.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Strengthening muscle for healthy ageing: innovative treatments for sarcopenia.Nature reviews. Drug discovery · 2026Review
- Maslinic Acid Alleviates Obesity-Associated Skeletal Muscle Atrophy and Adipose Tissue Dysfunction in Obese Mice.Biomolecules & therapeutics · 2026Article
- CT-derived sarcopenia and myosteatosis predict treatment escalation in hospitalized patients with inflammatory Bowel disease.Abdominal radiology (New York) · 2026Article
- Restoration of circadian rhythm as novel targets against sarcopenia.Chinese medical journal · 2026Review
- Immunometabolic Remodeling in Osteosarcopenia: Inflammaging, Mitochondrial Dysfunction, Gut-Derived Metabolites and Therapeutic Opportunities.Metabolites · 2026Review
- Association of Abdominal Myosteatosis and Visceral Fat Obesity with Arterial Stiffness.Endocrinology and metabolism (Seoul, Korea) · 2026Article
- Association of Intramuscular Fat Infiltration With Incident Venous Thromboembolism: A Population-Based Cohort Study.Journal of cachexia, sarcopenia and muscle · 2026Article
348 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
21 authors at 5 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
Abstract
Age-associated obesity and muscle atrophy (sarcopenia) are intimately connected and are reciprocally regulated by adipose tissue and skeletal muscle dysfunction. During ageing, adipose inflammation leads to the redistribution of fat to the intra-abdominal area (visceral fat) and fatty infiltrations in skeletal muscles, resulting in decreased overall strength and functionality. Lipids and their derivatives accumulate both within and between muscle cells, inducing mitochondrial dysfunction, disturbing β-oxidation of fatty acids, and enhancing reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, leading to lipotoxicity and insulin resistance, as well as enhanced secretion of some pro-inflammatory cytokines. In turn, these muscle-secreted cytokines may exacerbate adipose tissue atrophy, support chronic low-grade inflammation, and establish a vicious cycle of local hyperlipidaemia, insulin resistance, and inflammation that spreads systemically, thus promoting the development of sarcopenic obesity (SO). We call this the metabaging cycle. Patients with SO show an increased risk of systemic insulin resistance, systemic inflammation, associated chronic diseases, and the subsequent progression to full-blown sarcopenia and even cachexia. Meanwhile in many cardiometabolic diseases, the ostensibly protective effect of obesity in extremely elderly subjects, also known as the 'obesity paradox', could possibly be explained by our theory that many elderly subjects with normal body mass index might actually harbour SO to various degrees, before it progresses to full-blown severe sarcopenia. Our review outlines current knowledge concerning the possible chain of causation between sarcopenia and obesity, proposes a solution to the obesity paradox, and the role of fat mass in ageing.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.