SynthesisNature genetics2022
Genome-wide analysis of 102,084 migraine cases identifies 123 risk loci and subtype-specific risk alleles.
Open access · hybridAbstract readMeta-Analysis
In one paragraph
Synthesis in Nature genetics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 237 papers, 23 of them syntheses that pooled it.
0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
237citing papers in PubMed, 23 pooled it
54.1field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
237 citing papers in PubMed, 23 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 370 citations in OpenAlex.
- Genome-wide analysis implicates inner ear development in Ménière disease.American journal of human genetics · 2026Pooled it
- Consensus meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies for Alzheimer's disease and related dementias.Nature genetics · 2026Pooled it
- A multi-ancestry meta genome-wide association study of migraine among veterans: associations with traumatic brain injury, depression, and post-traumatic stress disorder.Molecular psychiatry · 2026Pooled it
- Fine-mapping a genome-wide meta-analysis of 98,374 migraine cases identifies 181 sets of candidate causal variants.Nature communications · 2026Pooled it
- Effect of Educational and Behavioral Interventions on Medication-Overuse Headache: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Pain research & management · 2026Pooled it
- Genetic Basis of the Negative Response to the Use of Triptans for the Treatment of Migraine-A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.Brain and behavior · 2025Pooled it
- Large-scale genome-wide analyses of stuttering.Nature genetics · 2025Pooled it
- What does a migraine aura look like?-A systematic review.The journal of headache and pain · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Genetically proxied liability to migraine and risk of intracranial aneurysm and subarachnoid hemorrhage.Headache · 2025Pooled it
- Association of ESR1 Polymorphisms with Susceptibility to Migraine: A Meta-Analysis and Trial Sequential Analysis.Current pain and headache reports · 2025Pooled it
- Current Update on Categorization of Migraine Subtypes on the Basis of Genetic Variation: a Systematic Review.Molecular neurobiology · 2024Pooled it
- HMG-CoA reductase is a potential therapeutic target for migraine: a mendelian randomization study.Scientific reports · 2024Pooled it
- Multi-omics approaches to deciphering complex pathological mechanisms of migraine: a systematic review.Frontiers in pharmacology · 2024Pooled it
- Comprehensive analysis of genes associated with migraine in the Indian population: a meta-analysis of genetic association studies with trial sequential analysis.Scientific reports · 2023Pooled it
- Cluster Headache Genomewide Association Study and Meta-Analysis Identifies Eight Loci and Implicates Smoking as Causal Risk Factor.Annals of neurology · 2023Pooled it
- Genome wide association joint analysis reveals 99 risk loci for pain susceptibility and pleiotropic relationships with psychiatric, metabolic, and immunological traits.PLoS genetics · 2023Pooled it
- GWAS meta-analysis of over 29,000 people with epilepsy identifies 26 risk loci and subtype-specific genetic architecture.Nature genetics · 2023Pooled it
- Migraine, chronic kidney disease and kidney function: observational and genetic analyses.Human genetics · 2023Pooled it
- Cross-trait analyses identify shared genetics between migraine, headache, and glycemic traits, and a causal relationship with fasting proinsulin.Human genetics · 2023Pooled it
177 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
74 authors at 20 institutions in 10 countries.
Heidi HautakangasInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5585-6856
Bendik S WinsvoldDepartment of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4171-8919
Sanni E RuotsalainenInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1631-4069
Gyda BjornsdottirdeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.
Aster V E HarderDepartment of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5477-7232
Lisette J A KogelmanDanish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-9782-7810
Laurent F ThomasK. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0548-2486
Raymond NoordamDepartment of Internal Medicine, Section of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7801-809X
Christian BennerInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Padhraig GormleyGlaxoSmithKline, Cambridge, MA, USA.
Ville ArttoDepartment of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Karina BanasikNovo Nordic Foundation Center for Protein Research, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2489-2499
Anna BjornsdottirNeurology Private Practice, Laeknasetrid, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Dorret I BoomsmaNetherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7099-7972
Ben M BrumptonK. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-3058-1059
Kristoffer Sølvsten BurgdorfDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Julie E BuringDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Mona Ameri ChalmerDanish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-4609-1895
Irene de BoerDepartment of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-7261-762X
Martin DichgansInstitute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0654-387X
Christian ErikstrupDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Aarhus University Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6551-6647
Markus FärkkiläDepartment of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Maiken Elvestad GarbrielsenK. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Mohsen GhanbariDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9476-7143
Knut HagenDepartment of Neuromedicine and Movement Science, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology (NTNU), Trondheim, Norway.
Paavo HäppöläInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Jouke-Jan HottengaNetherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-5668-2368
Maria G HrafnsdottirLandspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Kristian HveemK. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Marianne Bakke JohnsenK. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
Mika KähönenDepartment of Clinical Physiology, Tampere University Hospital, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
Espen S KristoffersenResearch and Communication Unit for Musculoskeletal Health (FORMI), Department of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-8999-5424
Tobias KurthInstitute of Public Health, Charité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Berlin, Germany.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7169-2620
Terho LehtimäkiDepartment of Clinical Chemistry, Fimlab Laboratories, and Finnish Cardiovascular Research Center - Tampere, Faculty of Medicine and Health Technology, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2555-4427
Lannie LighartNetherlands Twin Register, Department of Biological Psychology, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6570-3319
Sigurdur H MagnussondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6669-3071
Rainer MalikInstitute for Stroke and Dementia Research, University Hospital, LMU Munich, Munich, Germany.
Ole Birger PedersenDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Zealand University Hospital, Køge, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-2312-5976
Nadine PelzerDepartment of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1763-5443
Brenda W J H PenninxDepartment of Psychiatry, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit, Amsterdam Public Health Research Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
Caroline RanDepartment of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0239-9871
Paul M RidkerDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.
Frits R RosendaalDepartment of Clinical Epidemiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Gudrun R SigurdardottirNeurology Private Practice, Laeknasetrid, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Anne Heidi SkogholtK. G. Jebsen Center for Genetic Epidemiology, Department of Public Health and Nursing, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7466-0405
Olafur A SveinssonLandspitali University Hospital, Reykjavik, Iceland.
Thorgeir E ThorgeirssondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.
Henrik UllumDepartment of Clinical Immunology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Lisanne S VijfhuizenDepartment of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Elisabeth WidénInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Ko Willems van DijkDepartment of Human Genetics, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2172-7394
International Headache Genetics Consortium
HUNT All-in Headache
Danish Blood Donor Study Genomic Cohort
Arpo AromaaNational Public Health Institute (Finnish Institute for Health and Welfare - THL), Helsinki, Finland.
Andrea Carmine BelinDepartment of Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6668-3172
Tobias FreilingerKlinikum Passau, Department of Neurology, Passau, Germany.
M Arfan IkramDepartment of Epidemiology, Erasmus University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-0372-8585
Marjo-Riitta JärvelinDepartment of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, MRC-PHE Centre for Environment and Health, School of Public Health, Imperial College London, London, UK.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2149-0630
Olli T RaitakariCentre for Population Health Research, University of Turku and Turku University Hospital, Turku, Finland.
Gisela M TerwindtDepartment of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Mikko KallelaDepartment of Neurology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
Maija WessmanInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.
Jes OlesenDanish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-6712-2702
Daniel I ChasmanDivision of Preventive Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA, USA.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-3357-0862
Dale R NyholtSchool of Biomedical Sciences and Centre for Genomics and Personalised Health, Faculty of Health, Queensland University of Technology, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-7159-3040
Hreinn StefánssondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-9331-6666
Kari StefanssondeCODE genetics/Amgen Inc., Reykjavik, Iceland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0003-1676-864X
Arn M J M van den MaagdenbergDepartment of Neurology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, the Netherlands.
Thomas Folkmann HansenDanish Headache Center, Department of Neurology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-6703-7762
Samuli RipattiInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-0504-1202
John-Anker ZwartDepartment of Research, Innovation and Education, Division of Clinical Neuroscience, Oslo University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0001-5721-0154
Aarno PalotieInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2527-5874
Matti PirinenInstitute for Molecular Medicine Finland (FIMM), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE), University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. matti.pirinen@helsinki.fi.ORCID http://orcid.org/0000-0002-1664-1350
Leiden University Medical Center · NLdeCODE Genetics (Iceland) · ISNorwegian University of Science and Technology · NOUniversity of Helsinki · FIOslo University Hospital · NOBrigham and Women's Hospital · USCopenhagen University Hospital · DKBroad Institute · USHelsinki University Hospital · FIVrije Universiteit Amsterdam · NLErasmus MC · NLFinnish Institute for Health and Welfare · FIKarolinska Institutet · SELMU Klinikum · DEOulu University Hospital · FIReykjavík University · ISUniversity of Turku · FIAarhus University Hospital · DKCharité - Universitätsmedizin Berlin · DEGGZ inGeest · NL
Funding
Causality and/or shared physiology linking plasma lipids and blood pressure to migraineR21NS104398 · NINDS · BRIGHAM AND WOMEN'S HOSPITAL · PI CHASMAN, DANIEL IAN · 2018 to 2019
$492kMedical Research Council MR/S019669/1NINDS NIH HHS R21 NS104398
Abstract
Migraine affects over a billion individuals worldwide but its genetic underpinning remains largely unknown. Here, we performed a genome-wide association study of 102,084 migraine cases and 771,257 controls and identified 123 loci, of which 86 are previously unknown. These loci provide an opportunity to evaluate shared and distinct genetic components in the two main migraine subtypes: migraine with aura and migraine without aura. Stratification of the risk loci using 29,679 cases with subtype information indicated three risk variants that seem specific for migraine with aura (in HMOX2, CACNA1A and MPPED2), two that seem specific for migraine without aura (near SPINK2 and near FECH) and nine that increase susceptibility for migraine regardless of subtype. The new risk loci include genes encoding recent migraine-specific drug targets, namely calcitonin gene-related peptide (CALCA/CALCB) and serotonin 1F receptor (HTR1F). Overall, genomic annotations among migraine-associated variants were enriched in both vascular and central nervous system tissue/cell types, supporting unequivocally that neurovascular mechanisms underlie migraine pathophysiology.
Indexed as
Genetic Predisposition to DiseaseGenome-Wide Association StudyPolymorphism, Single NucleotideAllelesCardiovascular SystemCase-Control StudiesCentral Nervous SystemGenetic LociHumansMigraine DisordersMigraine with AuraMolecular Sequence AnnotationQuantitative Trait Loci
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390
Registered trials
None linked
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.