ReviewJournal of autism and developmental disorders2023
Eye Gaze in Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Review of Neural Evidence for the Eye Avoidance Hypothesis.
Review in Journal of autism and developmental disorders, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 30 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
30 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it.
- A meta-analytic review of gaze cueing across the autism trait continuum.Psychonomic bulletin & review · 2026Pooled it
- Using EEG and Eye Tracking to Evaluate an Emotion Recognition iPad App for Autistic Children.Clinical EEG and neuroscience · 2026Article
- Functional connectivity in infants' visual cortex and its links to motion processing and autism.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Callous-Unemotional Traits and Their Association with Neurodevelopmental Disorders: Insights from Gaze Behaviour During Emotion Recognition.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Testing the relationships between facial emotion recognition, levels of Autistic traits, and eye gaze patterns.Frontiers in human neuroscience · 2026Article
- Atypical modulation of electrodermal reactivity during exposure to graded unisensory and multisensory stimuli in autistic children and adolescents.Frontiers in psychiatry · 2026Article
- Associations between symptom severity in autism and functional neuroimaging measures of audiovisual speech perception.NeuroImage. Clinical · 2026Article
- Reduced attention to human eyes in autism-associated Shank3 mutant laboratory beagle dogs.Molecular psychiatry · 2025Article
- Autism Digital Phenotyping in Preschool- and School-Age Children.Autism research : official journal of the International Society for Autism Research · 2025Article
- The role of anxiety in modulating temporal processing and sensory hyperresponsiveness in autism spectrum disorder: an fMRI study.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Altered interactive dynamics of gaze behavior during face-to-face interaction in autistic individuals: a dual eye-tracking study.Molecular autism · 2025Article
- Sensory-movement underpinnings of lifelong neurodivergence: getting a grip on autism.Frontiers in integrative neuroscience · 2025Article
- A novel multi-modal model to assist the diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder using eye-tracking data.Health information science and systems · 2024Article
- Pupillometry reveals hyper-arousal in response to auditory stimuli in autistic children.Journal of Zhejiang University. Science. B · 2024Article
- Gaze Following as an Early Diagnostic Marker of Autism in a New Word Learning Task in Toddlers.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2024Article
- Pupil contagion variation with gaze, arousal, and autistic traits.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Differential Effects of a Behavioral Treatment Probe on Social Gaze Behavior in Fragile X Syndrome and Non-Syndromic Autism Spectrum Disorder.Journal of autism and developmental disorders · 2024Article
- Review
- Impaired recognition of interactive intentions in adults with autism spectrum disorder not attributable to differences in visual attention or coordination via eye contact and joint attention.Scientific reports · 2024Article
- Emotion recognition and social functioning in individuals with autism spectrum condition and intellectual disability.PloS one · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Reduced eye contact early in life may play a role in the developmental pathways that culminate in a diagnosis of autism spectrum disorder. However, there are contradictory theories regarding the neural mechanisms involved. According to the amygdala theory of autism, reduced eye contact results from a hypoactive amygdala that fails to flag eyes as salient. However, the eye avoidance hypothesis proposes the opposite-that amygdala hyperactivity causes eye avoidance. This review evaluated studies that measured the relationship between eye gaze and activity in the 'social brain' when viewing facial stimuli. Of the reviewed studies, eight of eleven supported the eye avoidance hypothesis. These results suggest eye avoidance may be used to reduce amygdala-related hyperarousal among people on the autism spectrum.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.