SynthesisInfluenza and other respiratory viruses2022
The economic burden of influenza among adults aged 18 to 64: A systematic literature review.
Synthesis in Influenza and other respiratory viruses, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 76 papers, 7 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
76 citing papers in PubMed, 7 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 108 citations in OpenAlex.
- Impact of COVID-19 pandemic on influenza vaccination rates among healthcare workers and the general population in Saudi Arabia: A meta-analysis.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2025Pooled it
- Pooled it
- Costs and cost-effectiveness of influenza illness and vaccination in low- and middle-income countries: A systematic review from 2012 to 2022.PLoS medicine · 2024Pooled it
- Understanding the Global Burden of Influenza in Adults Aged 18-64 years: A Systematic Literature Review from 2012 to 2022.Advances in therapy · 2023Pooled it
- Influenza vaccination rates among healthcare workers: a systematic review and meta-analysis investigating influencing factors.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- The economic burden of influenza among adults aged 18 to 64: A systematic literature review.Influenza and other respiratory viruses · 2022Pooled it
- Economic burden of respiratory syncytial and parainfluenza viruses in children of upper-middle-income countries: a systematic review.Jornal de pediatriaPooled it
- A Plant-Based Dietary Supplement Exhibits Significant Effects on Markers of Oxidative Stress, Inflammation, and Immune Response in Subjects Recovering from Respiratory Viral Infection: A Randomized, Double-Blind Clinical Study Using Vitamin C as a Positive Control.International journal of molecular sciences · 2025Trial
- The economic burden of seasonal influenza - China, 2010-2019.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- Drivers and barriers to influenza vaccination in the post-COVID-19 era in the Federation of Bosnia and Herzegovina: A qualitative study using focus groups with risk groups and in-depth interviews with physicians.Human vaccines & immunotherapeutics · 2026Article
- A Phase 2 Trial Evaluating the Immunogenicity and Safety of an mRNA-Based Seasonal Influenza Vaccine Candidate Encoding Hemagglutinin and Neuraminidase.Infectious diseases and therapy · 2026Article
- Clinical Relevance of Multiplex PCR for Respiratory Pathogens in Hospitalized Adults with Influenza-Like Illness.Journal of clinical practice and research · 2026Article
- Advances in the Development of a Universal Influenza Vaccine.Antibodies (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- Influenza.Nature reviews. Disease primers · 2026Review
- Evolution of swine influenza surveillance and one health governance in Taiwan: from zoonotic risk management to integrated preparedness.Veterinary research communications · 2026Review
- Socioeconomic value of adult respiratory vaccination in the United States: a benefit-cost analysis.Health affairs scholar · 2026Article
- Seasonal Influenza Vaccination Uptake, Illness and Economic Burden, and Vaccine Information Exposure Among Young Adults in the San Francisco Bay Area.Pharmacy (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Article
- The University of Salerno's Model for Seasonal Influenza Vaccinations in the Workplace.Vaccines · 2026Article
- Review
- Disease burden associated with influenza activity at the population level.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Article
16 more citing papers are in PubMed but not listed here.
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
While the economic burden of influenza infection is well described among adults aged 65 and older, less is known about younger adults. A systematic literature review was conducted to describe the economic burden of seasonal influenza in adults aged 18 to 64 years, to identify the main determinants of direct and indirect costs, and to highlight any gaps in the existing published evidence. MEDLINE and Embase were searched from 2007 to February 7, 2020, for studies reporting primary influenza-related cost data (direct or indirect) or absenteeism data. Of the 2613 publications screened, 51 studies were included in this review. Half of them were conducted in the United States, and 71% of them described patients with influenza-like illness rather than laboratory-confirmed disease. Only 12 studies reported cost data specifically for at-risk populations. Extracted data highlighted that within the 18- to 64-year-old group, up to 88% of the economic burden of influenza was attributable to indirect costs, and up to 75% of overall direct costs were attributable to hospitalizations. Furthermore, within the 18- to 64-year-old group, influenza-related costs increased with age and underlying medical conditions. The reported cost of influenza-related hospitalizations was found to be up to 2.5 times higher among at-risk populations compared with not-at-risk populations. This review documents the considerable economic impact of influenza among adults aged 18 to 64. In this age group, most of the influenza costs are indirect, which are generally not recognized by decision makers. Future studies should focus on at-risk subgroups, lab-confirmed cases, and European countries.
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What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.