ReviewFrontiers in medicine2021
Therapeutic Approaches for Treating Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension by Correcting Imbalanced TGF-β Superfamily Signaling.
Review in Frontiers in medicine, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 45 citations in OpenAlex.
- Efficacy and safety of sotatercept in pulmonary arterial hypertension: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials with trial sequential analysis.Naunyn-Schmiedeberg's archives of pharmacology · 2025Pooled it
- Phase 1 Study of MK-5475, an Inhaled Soluble Guanylate Cyclase Stimulator, in Participants with Pulmonary Hypertension Associated with Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease.International journal of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease · 2024Trial
- Navigating the Complexity of PH-ILD: From Molecular Mechanisms to Integrated Clinical Evaluation.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- 2025 Annual Review of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension Clinical Research.Pulmonary therapy · 2026Review
- Sotatercept in Children with Pulmonary Hypertension-A Narrative Review.Children (Basel, Switzerland) · 2026Review
- The Role of the Apelin Receptor in the Pathophysiology of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension.Cells · 2026Review
- RKER-012, a modified ActRIIB-Fc ligand trap with BMP sparing properties, attenuates pathological features of experimental pulmonary arterial hypertension.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- The Pathophysiology, Mechanism, Diagnosis, and Management of Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Comprehensive Literature Review.US cardiology · 2026Review
- Regulation of TGF-β and BMP Signaling by Natural Triterpene Compounds in Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension (PAH).Current issues in molecular biology · 2025Article
- Sotatercept: A novel therapeutic approach for pulmonary arterial hypertension through transforming growth factor-β signaling modulation.World journal of methodology · 2025Review
- Deciphering the Tenascin-C Nexus: A Comprehensive Review of Its Involvement in Chronic Respiratory Diseases.Pathophysiology : the official journal of the International Society for Pathophysiology · 2025Review
- Medicinal Chemistry Strategies in Targeting TGF-βR1 Kinase Domain: Unveiling Insights into Inhibitor Structure-Activity Relationship (SAR).Pharmaceuticals (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Changes in Macrophages in Pulmonary Hypertension: A Focus on High-altitude Pulmonary Hypertension.Anatolian journal of cardiology · 2025Review
- Emerging Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Strategies for Pulmonary Arterial Hypertension: A Focus on Right Ventricular Dysfunction and Novel Treatment Pathways.Biomedicines · 2025Review
- Pharmacologic Management of Heart Failure with Preserved Ejection Fraction (HFpEF) in Older Adults.Drugs & aging · 2025Review
- Halofuginone prevents inflammation and proliferation of high-altitude pulmonary hypertension by inhibiting the TGF-β1/Smad signaling pathway.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Growth factors involved in vascular remodeling in pulmonary arterial hypertension.Journal of smooth muscle research = Nihon Heikatsukin Gakkai kikanshi · 2025Review
- Ginsenoside Rb1 attenuates erythropoietin-exacerbated vascular calcification in chronic kidney disease through BMP2-dependent Smad1/5/9 inhibition.CytoJournal · 2025Article
- Macrophage-driven immunopathology in pulmonary arterial hypertension: from mechanisms to targeted therapies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Review
- Sotatercept for pulmonary arterial hypertension on background therapy: a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.Proceedings (Baylor University. Medical Center) · 2025Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Pulmonary arterial hypertension (PAH) is a rare disease characterized by high blood pressure in the pulmonary circulation driven by pathological remodeling of distal pulmonary arteries, leading typically to death by right ventricular failure. Available treatments improve physical activity and slow disease progression, but they act primarily as vasodilators and have limited effects on the biological cause of the disease-the uncontrolled proliferation of vascular endothelial and smooth muscle cells. Imbalanced signaling by the transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β) superfamily contributes extensively to dysregulated vascular cell proliferation in PAH, with overactive pro-proliferative SMAD2/3 signaling occurring alongside deficient anti-proliferative SMAD1/5/8 signaling. We review the TGF-β superfamily mechanisms underlying PAH pathogenesis, superfamily interactions with inflammation and mechanobiological forces, and therapeutic strategies under development that aim to restore SMAD signaling balance in the diseased pulmonary arterial vessels. These strategies could potentially reverse pulmonary arterial remodeling in PAH by targeting causative mechanisms and therefore hold significant promise for the PAH patient population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.