ArticleBMC genomics2022
Genome-wide localization of histone variants in Toxoplasma gondii implicates variant exchange in stage-specific gene expression.
Article in BMC genomics, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 15 papers.
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Who cites it
15 citing papers in PubMed, 18 citations in OpenAlex.
- Two distinct SWI/SNF complexes direct chromatin-linked transcriptional programs in Toxoplasma.Nature communications · 2026Article
- Host-cell dependent epigenetic profiles associated with survival outcomes in T. gondii infection.Epigenetics & chromatin · 2026Article
- Bumped Kinase Inhibitor BKI-1708 Interferes in Cytokinesis and Drives Baryzoite Conversion in the Cyst-Forming Apicomplexan ParasitesInternational journal of molecular sciences · 2026Article
- Regulation of the developmental programs in Toxoplasma by a novel SNF2L-containing chromatin remodeling complex.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Consecutive low-frequency shifts in A/T content denote nucleosome positions across microeukaryotes.iScience · 2025Article
- Single cell expression and chromatin accessibility of the Toxoplasma gondii lytic cycle identifies AP2XII-8 as an essential ribosome regulon driver.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Histone code: a common language and multiple dialects to meet the different developmental requirements of apicomplexan parasites.Current opinion in microbiology · 2024Review
- Article
- Proteomics Applications inPathogens (Basel, Switzerland) · 2023Review
- Histone variant H2B.Z acetylation is necessary for maintenance of Toxoplasma gondii biological fitness.Biochimica et biophysica acta. Gene regulatory mechanisms · 2023Article
- Babesia duncani multi-omics identifies virulence factors and drug targets.Nature microbiology · 2023Article
- Histone variant H2B.Z acetylation is necessary for maintenance ofbioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2023Article
- Previously Unidentified Histone H1-Like Protein Is Involved in Cell Division and Ribosome Biosynthesis in Toxoplasma gondii.mSphere · 2022Article
- Architecture, Chromatin and Gene Organization ofEpigenomes · 2022Article
- Genomic insights into host and parasite interactions during intracellular infection by Toxoplasma gondii.PloS one · 2022Article
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Authors and funding
8 authors at 4 institutions in 5 countries.
Funding
Abstract
backgroundToxoplasma gondii is a protozoan parasite that differentiates from acute tachyzoite stages to latent bradyzoite forms in response to environmental cues that modify the epigenome. We studied the distribution of the histone variants CenH3, H3.3, H2A.X, H2A.Z and H2B.Z, by genome-wide chromatin immunoprecipitation to understand the role of variant histones in developmental transitions of T. gondii parasites.
resultsH3.3 and H2A.X were detected in telomere and telomere associated sequences, whereas H3.3, H2A.X and CenH3 were enriched in centromeres. Histones H2A.Z and H2B.Z colocalize with the transcriptional activation mark H3K4me3 in promoter regions surrounding the nucleosome-free region upstream of the transcription start site. The H2B.Z/H2A.Z histone pair also localizes to the gene bodies of genes that are silent but poised for activation, including bradyzoite stage-specific genes. The majority of H2A.X and H2A.Z/H2B.Z loci do not overlap, consistent with variant histones demarcating specific functional regions of chromatin. The extent of enrichment of H2A.Z/H2B.Z (and H3.3 and H2A.X) within the entire gene (5'UTR and gene body) reflects the timing of gene expression during the cell cycle, suggesting that dynamic turnover of H2B.Z/H2A.Z occurs during the tachyzoite cell cycle. Thus, the distribution of the variant histone H2A.Z/H2B.Z dimer defines active and developmentally silenced regions of the T. gondii epigenome including genes that are poised for expression.
conclusionsHistone variants mark functional regions of parasite genomes with the dynamic placement of the H2A.Z/H2B.Z dimer implicated as an evolutionarily conserved regulator of parasite and eukaryotic differentiation.
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