Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35197339›Full record

ArticleBMJ open2022

Metabolic syndrome, associated factors and optimal waist circumference cut points: findings from a cross-sectional community-based study in the elderly population in Asmara, Eritrea.

Oliver Okoth Achila, Mathewos Araya, Arsema Brhane Berhe, Niat Habteab Haile, Luwam Kahsai Tsige, Bethelihem Yemane Shifare, Tesfaalem Abel Bitew, Israel Eyob Berhe, Isayas Afewerki Abraham, Eyob Garoy Yohaness

Open access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 5 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
5citing papers in PubMed, 2 pooled it
1.0field-weighted citation impact, top 24% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

5 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 8 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Pooled it
  3. Review
  4. Article
  5. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

10 authors at 2 institutions in 2 countries.

Oliver Okoth AchilaAllied Health, Orotta College of medicine and health sciences, Asmara, Eritrea oliverachila@gmail.com.ORCID 0000-0001-8013-0785
Mathewos ArayaAllied Health, Orotta College of medicine and health sciences, Asmara, Eritrea.
Arsema Brhane BerheAllied Health, Orotta College of medicine and health sciences, Asmara, Eritrea.
Niat Habteab HaileDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Services, Asmara College of Health Sciences, Asmara, Central, Eritrea.
Luwam Kahsai TsigeDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Services, Asmara College of Health Sciences, Asmara, Central, Eritrea.
Bethelihem Yemane ShifareDepartment of Clinical Laboratory Services, Asmara College of Health Sciences, Asmara, Central, Eritrea.
Tesfaalem Abel BitewDepartment of clinical laboratory services, Asmara College of Health Sciences, Asmara, Central, Eritrea.
Israel Eyob BerheDepartment of clinical laboratory services, Asmara College of Health Sciences, Asmara, Central, Eritrea.
Isayas Afewerki AbrahamDepartment of Community Medicine and Health Sciences, Orotta College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Asmara, UK.
Eyob Garoy YohanessAllied Health, Orotta College of Medicine and health Sciences, Asmara, Eritrea.
University of Asmara · ERUniversity of Health and Allied Sciences · GH

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

objectiveThe aim of the study was to investigate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetSyn), associated factors, and optimal waist circumference (WC) cut points in a subset of the elderly population in Asmara, Eritrea.

designA community-based cross-sectional study conducted between January and June 2018.

settingAsmara, Eritrea.

participantsDemographic, clinical biochemistry and anthropometric information were collected from a total of 319 elderly participants of African lineage (54.5% men vs 45.5% women).

main outcome measuresLipid profiles, fasting plasma glucose (FPG), anthropometric data, clinical profiles and demographic characteristic of patients were described. MetSyn was defined according to the International Diabetes Federation harmonised criteria.

resultsThe median age (IQR) of study participants was 67 (IQR: 63-72 years)-men 68 (IQR: 64-74) years versus women 65 (IQR: 62-70) years, p=0.002. The prevalence of MetSyn was 90 (28.4%). Abnormal values in MetSyn components were as follows: systolic blood pressure/diastolic blood pressure ≥130/85 mm Hg or use of hypertension medication 133 (41.7%); overweight/obesity, 55 (25.1%); abdominal obesity 129 (40.4); low-density lipoproptein cholesterol (LDL-C) >130 mg/dL, 139 (43.6%); total cholesterol >200 mg/dL, 152 (47.6%); non-high-density lipoproptein cholesterol (HDL-C)>130 mg/dL, 220 (69.0%) and FPG (≥100-125 mg/dL), 35 (12.7%) and FPG>125.17 (6.2%). Multivariate logistic regression analysis indicated that sex (females) (adjusted OR (aOR) 4.69, 95% CI 2.47 to 8.92); non-HDL-C (aOR 1.09, 95% CI 1.05 to 1.14); LDL-C >130 mg/dL (aOR 2.63, 95% CI 1.09 to 6.37) and body mass index (aOR 1.20, 95% CI 1.10 to 1.32) were independently associated with the presence of MetSyn. Optimal cut points for WC in men yielded a value of 85.50 cm, a sensitivity of 76.0%, a specificity of 61.0% and an area under receiver operating characteristics curve (AUROC) value of 74.0, 95% CI (65.7 to 82.4). For women, the WC at a cut point value of 80.50 cm yielded the highest Youden index (0.41) with a sensitivity of 80%, a specificity of 39%, and an AUROC of 73.4, 95% CI (64.8 to 82.5).

conclusionsThe MetSyn is highly prevalent in a subset of apparently healthy elderly population in Asmara, Eritrea. The findings support opportunistic and/or programmatic screening for CVD risk in the elderly during outpatient visits.

Indexed as

Metabolic SyndromeAgedBody Mass IndexCross-Sectional StudiesEritreaFemaleHumansMaleRisk FactorsROC CurveWaist Circumferencecardiac epidemiologyepidemiologygeneral endocrinologylipid disorders

Identifiers

PMID35197339
PMCPMC8867338
OpenAlexW4213428680

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.