ReviewPhysiological research2021
The effect of obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, alcohol, and sleep apnea on the risk of atrial fibrillation.
Review in Physiological research, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 18 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
18 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 22 citations in OpenAlex.
- Secondhand tobacco exposure and risk of atrial fibrillation: a systematic review.BMC public health · 2026Pooled it
- Diagnostic accuracy of ECG smart chest patches versus PPG smartwatches for atrial fibrillation detection: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMC cardiovascular disorders · 2025Pooled it
- Deciphering the Role of microRNAs: Unveiling Clinical Biomarkers and Therapeutic Avenues in Atrial Fibrillation and Associated Stroke-A Systematic Review.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Pooled it
- SLIT2 and ANGPTL3 as putative mediators linking obesity to atrial fibrillation: A Mendelian randomization study.Medicine · 2026Article
- Liver fibrosis burden and risk of incident arrhythmia in metabolic dysfunction-associated steatotic liver disease.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- Association of the advanced lung cancer inflammation index and controlling nutritional status score with atrial fibrillation in COPD patients: a multicenter cross-sectional study.Frontiers in nutrition · 2026Article
- A higher monocyte-to-lymphocyte ratio is correlated with impaired glomerular function and adverse cardiac remodeling in elderly patients with atrial fibrillation: a retrospective study.Frontiers in cardiovascular medicine · 2026Article
- Secular trend in disease burden of atrial fibrillation/flutter in China from 1992 to 2021 and its projection in 25 years.BMC public health · 2025Article
- Relevance of Targeting Oxidative Stress, Inflammatory, and Pro-Resolution Mechanisms in the Prevention and Management of Postoperative Atrial Fibrillation.Antioxidants (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Review
- Unmasking Arrhythmia Mortality: A 25-Year Analysis of Trends and Disparities in the United States (1999-2023).Clinical cardiology · 2025Article
- Association between rheumatoid arthritis and atrial fibrillation: A systematic review and meta-analysis.Journal of arrhythmia · 2024Review
- Risk and Protective Factors of Recurrence after Catheter Ablation for Atrial Fibrillation.Reviews in cardiovascular medicine · 2024Review
- Article
- Effects of common lifestyle factors on obstructive sleep apnea: precautions in daily life based on causal inferences.Frontiers in public health · 2024Article
- Review
- Sex Related Differences in Electrocardiography.Physiological research · 2023Review
- Review
- Obesity and Atrial Fibrillation: A Narrative Review.Cureus · 2022Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
2 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common sustained cardiac arrhythmia associated with a two-fold increase in mortality caused by a higher risk of stroke and heart failure. Currently, AF is present in ~ 2 % of the general population, and its incidence and prevalence are increasing. Obesity, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, obstructive sleep apnea, and alcohol consumption increase the risk of AF. Each unit of increase in BMI increases the risk of AF by 3 %, and intensive weight loss is also associated with reduced AF recurrence. Hypertension increases the risk of AF by 50 % in men and by 40 % in women, and explains ~ 20 % of new AF cases. Patients with obstructive sleep apnea are at four times higher risk of developing AF than subjects without sleep apnea. Higher concentrations of pro-inflammatory cytokines, higher amounts of epicardial adipose tissue, and a higher degree of ventricular diffuse myocardial fibrosis are present in AF patients and patients with the aforementioned metabolic disorders. Several prospective cohort studies and randomized trials have been initiated to show whether weight loss and treatment of other risk factors will be associated with a reduction in AF recurrences.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.