ReviewInternational journal of molecular sciences2022
Bacterial and Viral Co-Infection in the Intestine: Competition Scenario and Their Effect on Host Immunity.
Review in International journal of molecular sciences, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 16 papers.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
16 citing papers in PubMed, 28 citations in OpenAlex.
- From Gut Microbiota to Hepatic Pre-Metastatic Niches: Mechanism and Translational Prospects of the Gut-Liver Axis in Regulating Colorectal Cancer Liver Metastasis.Microorganisms · 2026Review
- Fungal Infections in Disorders of Inborn Errors of Immunity.Clinical reviews in allergy & immunology · 2026Review
- Decoding Microbiota-Immune Interplay in Viral Pathogenesis: Toward Next-Generation Antiviral Therapies.Probiotics and antimicrobial proteins · 2026Review
- Patterns of gastrointestinal pathogen co-detection in pediatric stool samples identified by rapid multiplex PCR.Epidemiology and infection · 2026Article
- Article
- Evaluation of long-term immunity following inoculation with highly diverse orthomarburgvirus isolates in Egyptian rousette bats (Journal of virology · 2025Article
- Viewing Psychiatric Disorders Through Viruses: Simple Architecture, Burgeoning Implications.Neuroscience bulletin · 2025Review
- Molecular mechanisms of co-infections.EMBO reports · 2025Review
- Orthogonal CRISPR/Cas system facilitated dual-color fluorescence fiber-embedded optofluidic nano-biochip for parallel amplification-free on-site detection of bacterium and virus.Mikrochimica acta · 2025Article
- Nora virus proliferates in dividing intestinal stem cells and sensitizes flies to intestinal infection and oxidative stress.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025Article
- Virus Association with Bacteria and Bacterial Cell Components Enhance Virus Infectivity.Food and environmental virology · 2025Article
- Viral-bacterial co-infections screen in vitro reveals molecular processes affecting pathogen proliferation and host cell viability.Nature communications · 2024Article
- Talk to Me-Interplay between Mitochondria and Microbiota in Aging.International journal of molecular sciences · 2023Review
- Bacterial Wars-a tool for the prediction of bacterial predominance based on network analysis measures.NAR genomics and bioinformatics · 2023Article
- Modulatory Effects of Heat-Inactivated Streptococcus Thermophilus Strain 7 on the Inflammatory Response: A Study on an Animal Model with TLR3-Induced Intestinal Injury.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- COVID-19 and brain-heart-lung microbial fingerprints in Italian cadavers.Frontiers in molecular biosciences · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
5 authors at 1 institution in 1 country.
Funding
Abstract
Bacteria and viruses are both important pathogens causing intestinal infections, and studies on their pathogenic mechanisms tend to focus on one pathogen alone. However, bacterial and viral co-infections occur frequently in clinical settings, and infection by one pathogen can affect the severity of infection by another pathogen, either directly or indirectly. The presence of synergistic or antagonistic effects of two pathogens in co-infection can affect disease progression to varying degrees. The triad of bacterial-viral-gut interactions involves multiple aspects of inflammatory and immune signaling, neuroimmunity, nutritional immunity, and the gut microbiome. In this review, we discussed the different scenarios triggered by different orders of bacterial and viral infections in the gut and summarized the possible mechanisms of synergy or antagonism involved in their co-infection. We also explored the regulatory mechanisms of bacterial-viral co-infection at the host intestinal immune interface from multiple perspectives.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.