ReviewFrontiers in immunology2022
New and Old Anti-CD20 Monoclonal Antibodies for Nephrotic Syndrome. Where We Are?
Review in Frontiers in immunology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 35 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
35 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 43 citations in OpenAlex.
- Current status and research hotspots of pediatric nephrotic syndrome: a bibliometric analysis (2011-2025).Frontiers in pediatrics · 2026Pooled it
- Efficacy of low or heavy rituximab‑based protocols and comparison with seven regimens in idiopathic membranous nephropathy: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.International urology and nephrology · 2023Pooled it
- Targeting CD38 Across Autoimmune and Plasma Cell-Driven Immune-Mediated Diseases: Rationale, Clinical Evidence, and Emerging Therapeutic Landscape.BioDrugs : clinical immunotherapeutics, biopharmaceuticals and gene therapy · 2026Review
- Emerging Immune Cell Biomarkers in Primary Membranous Nephropathy: Immune Cell Profiling During Anti-CD20 B Cell-Targeted Therapy.International journal of molecular sciences · 2026Review
- Subcutaneous ofatumumab for remission maintenance in pediatric idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: a case series.Clinical kidney journal · 2026Article
- Research Advances in Rituximab-Resistant Membranous Nephropathy.Kidney medicine · 2026Review
- Obinutuzumab versus rituximab in refractory membranous nephropathy: a single-center retrospective cohort study.BMC nephrology · 2026Article
- Obinutuzumab for refractory minimal change disease in obese patients: a case series.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Article
- Clinical effect of obinutuzumab in the treatment of idiopathic membranous nephropathy.American journal of translational research · 2026Article
- Obinutuzumab in kidney transplantation: Past, present, and future.World journal of transplantation · 2025Review
- Anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies for idiopathic nephrotic syndrome: Advances, challenges, and future directions.Pediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Article
- Is There a Role for Rituximab in FSGS Therapy in Adults?Kidney international reports · 2025Article
- The CaPediatric nephrology (Berlin, Germany) · 2025Review
- How we manage immune-mediated thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura after rituximab failure or intolerance.British journal of haematology · 2025Review
- Obinutuzumab is effective for the treatment of rituximab-refractory PLA2R-associated membranous nephropathy.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- Subcutaneous ofatumumab in recurrent focal segmental glomerulosclerosis after kidney transplantation.Clinical kidney journal · 2025Article
- Successful Switch to Obinutuzumab in a Rituximab-Intolerant Child with Difficult-to-Treat Idiopathic Nephrotic Syndrome.Journal of clinical medicine · 2025Article
- Obinutuzumab is Effective as an Initial Treatment for PLA2R-Associated Primary Membranous Nephropathy: A Retrospective, Single-Center Trial.Drug design, development and therapy · 2025Article
- Technology Innovation for Discovering Renal Autoantibodies in Autoimmune Conditions.International journal of molecular sciences · 2024Review
- Engineering Agonistic Bispecifics to Investigate the Influence of Distance on Surface-Mediated Complement Activation.Journal of immunology (Baltimore, Md. : 1950) · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
4 authors at 3 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Nephrotic proteinuria is the hallmark of several glomerulonephritis determined by different pathogenetic mechanisms, including autoimmune, degenerative and inflammatory. Some conditions such as Minimal Change Nephropathy (MCN) and Focal Segmental Glomerulosclerosis (FSGS) are of uncertain pathogenesis. Chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibodies have been used with success in a part of proteinuric conditions while some are resistant. New human and humanized monoclonal anti-CD 20 antibodies offer some advantages based on stronger effects on CD20 cell subtypes and have been already administered in hematology and oncology areas as substitutes of chimeric molecules. Here, we revised the literature on the use of human and humanized anti-CD 20 monoclonal antibodies in different proteinuric conditions, resulting effective in those conditions resistant to rituximab. Literature on the use of human anti-CD 20 monoclonal antibodies in different proteinuric diseases is mainly limited to ofatumumab, with several protocols and doses. Studies already performed with ofatumumab given in standard doses of 1,500 mg 1.73m
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.