ArticleBMJ open2022
Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalisation in children and adolescents in Norway: a nationwide population-based study.
Article in BMJ open, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 13 papers, 2 of them syntheses that pooled it.
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Who cites it
13 citing papers in PubMed, 2 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 20 citations in OpenAlex.
- Risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection during the early stages of the COVID-19 pandemic: a systematic literature review.Frontiers in public health · 2023Pooled it
- COVID-19 and monkeypox co-infection: A rapid systematic review.Frontiers in immunology · 2022Pooled it
- Adverse events following SARS-CoV-2 mRNA vaccination in norwegian adolescents.Scientific reports · 2026Article
- COVID-19 and MPXV: Twindemic Response and Dual Infections in Individuals in a US Metro.Epidemiologia (Basel, Switzerland) · 2025Article
- Racial disparities in children tested for SARS-CoV-2 at pediatric emergency departments: A prospective cohort study.Paediatrics & child health · 2025Article
- Immune responses underpinning acute co-infections with unrelated viruses: timing and location matter.International immunology · 2025Review
- Exploring co-infection dynamics and immune response interactions between COVID-19 and Monkeypox: implications for disease severity, viral transmission, and vaccine efficacy.Virology journal · 2025Review
- Observational
- Hospital-based cross-sectional study on the clinical characteristics of children with severe acute respiratory infections in Hungary.BMC infectious diseases · 2024Article
- Seroepidemiological and Molecular Survey for the Detection of SARS-CoV-2 Infection among Children in Iran, September 2020 to June 2021: 1-Year Cross-Sectional Study.Microorganisms · 2023Article
- When schools were open for in-person teaching during the COVID-19 pandemic - the nordic experience on control measures and transmission in schools during the delta wave.BMC public health · 2023Observational
- Air pollution might affect the clinical course of COVID-19 in pediatric patients.Ecotoxicology and environmental safety · 2022Article
- The incidence of infectious diseases and viruses other than SARS-CoV-2 amongst hospitalised children in Oslo, Norway during the Covid-19 pandemic 2020-2021.Journal of clinical virology plus · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
7 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
objectiveTo determine risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection and hospitalisation among children and adolescents.
designNationwide, population-based cohort study.
settingNorway from 1 March 2020 to 30 November 2021.
participantsAll Norwegian residents<18 years of age.
main outcome measuresPopulation-based healthcare and population registries were used to study risk factors for SARS-CoV-2 infection, including socioeconomic factors, country of origin and pre-existing chronic comorbidities. All residents were followed until age 18 years, emigration, death or end of follow-up. HRs estimated by Cox regression models were adjusted for testing frequency. Further, risk factors for admission to the hospital among the infected were investigated.
resultsOf 1 219 184 residents, 82 734 (6.7%) tested positive by PCR or lateral flow tests, of whom 241 (0.29%) were admitted to a hospital. Low family income (adjusted HR (aHR) 1.26, 95% CI 1.23 to 1.30), crowded housing (1.27, 1.24 to 1.30), household size, age, non-Nordic country of origin (1.63, 1.60 to 1.66) and area of living were independent risk factors for infection. Chronic comorbidity was associated with a slightly lower risk of infection (aHR 0.90, 95% CI 0.88 to 0.93). Chronic comorbidity was associated with hospitalisation (aHR 3.46, 95% CI 2.50 to 4.80), in addition to age, whereas socioeconomic status and country of origin did not predict hospitalisation among those infected.
conclusionsSocioeconomic factors, country of origin and area of living were associated with the risk of SARS-CoV-2 infection. However, these factors did not predict hospitalisation among those infected. Chronic comorbidity was associated with higher risk of admission but slightly lower overall risk of acquiring SARS-CoV-2.
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