ReviewJournal of family medicine and primary care2021
Neural tube defects: Different types and brief review of neurulation process and its clinical implication.
Review in Journal of family medicine and primary care, 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 3 of them syntheses that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
22 citing papers in PubMed, 3 syntheses or guidelines pooled it, 32 citations in OpenAlex.
- Folic acid supplementation during preconception period in sub-Saharan African countries: A systematic review and meta-analysis.PloS one · 2025Pooled it
- Burden of neural tube defects in India: a systematic review and meta-analysis.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2024Pooled it
- Birth prevalence and risk factors of neural tube defects in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.BMJ open · 2023Pooled it
- Folic acid prevention of neural tube defects requires retinoic acid produced by ALDH1L1.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2026Article
- High folic acid supplementation is associated with vaginal bleeding in early pregnancy in a fetal sex-specific manner: findings from two prospective cohort studies.Reproductive health · 2026Article
- MaternalGenes · 2026Article
- The Effect of Phosphoric Acid on the Development of Neural Tube Defects in Chick Embryos.Medical science monitor : international medical journal of experimental and clinical research · 2026Article
- Maternal Folic Acid Supplementation and Neural Tube Defects in Northeast Iran: Insights for Developing Countries.Pediatric health, medicine and therapeutics · 2026Article
- Cell division during Xenopus gastrulation influences neuroectoderm patterning.Frontiers in cell and developmental biology · 2026Article
- Heparan sulphate and neural development: dissecting the roles of astrocyte-expressed heparan sulphate.Biochemical Society transactions · 2025Review
- Myelomeningocele closure: A review and decision-making guidance.JPRAS open · 2025Review
- The Effect of Pantoprazole on Midline Closure in Early Chicken Embryos: An Experimental Study.Cureus · 2025Article
- Whole exome-based variant profiling and functional network characterization in neural tube defects.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2025Article
- The pivotal role of neurosurgeons in transitional care: A comprehensive tertiary healthcare institution's experience.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2024Article
- Fetal in-utero management of myelomeningocele: a mini-review on history, challenges, management gap, and recommendations.Annals of medicine and surgery (2012) · 2024Article
- Association of spinal cord abnormalities with vertebral anomalies: an embryological perspective.Child's nervous system : ChNS : official journal of the International Society for Pediatric Neurosurgery · 2024Article
- Pax3 lineage-specific deletion of Gpr161 is associated with spinal neural tube and craniofacial malformations during embryonic development.Disease models & mechanisms · 2023Article
- Characterization of Torquetenovirus in amniotic fluid at the time ofFrontiers in medicine · 2023Article
- A Semi-quantitative Evaluation of Out-to-Out Agenesis of Posterior Wall in a Dry Human Sacrum in Bangladesh.Cureus · 2022Article
- Pediatric Spina Bifida and Spinal Cord Injury.Journal of personalized medicine · 2022Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
6 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neural Tube Defects are the most typical congenital malformations, with almost 300,000 cases annually worldwide. The incidence varies amongst geographical ranges from 0.2 to up to 11 per 1000 live births. In India, incidence is reportedly higher in north than south and can be attributable to diet and genetic variances. Etiology is multifactorial. Severe forms of whitethorn are allied with syndromes. Primary neurulation and secondary neurulation are the most crucial steps in the formation and closure of the neural tube; any interruption can lead to mild to severe NTDs depending on the level of insult during embryogenesis. Various molecular and cellular events take place simultaneously for neural tube bending and closure of the neural tube. Neurological deficit in the newborn is contingent on the level of defect and severity of the structures affected. Survival of the newborn also depends on the severity of the lesion. Folic acid supplementation in all prospective mothers, preferably 4 weeks before conception and at least 12 weeks after conception, can prevent NTDs in folic responsive groups. But there is a significant number of other causes leading to neural tube defects apart from folic acid. Hydrocephalus is the commonest abnormality allied with NTDs in syndromic cases. Conclusion: NTDs are a frequent cause of stillbirths, infant mortality, and palsies in children. There are various reasons for NTDs, but the process of neurulation points towards some factors of NTC, which can be taken care of to lessen the burden of NTDs.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.