ReviewFrontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland)2021
Corneal Confocal Microscopy to Image Small Nerve Fiber Degeneration: Ophthalmology Meets Neurology.
Review in Frontiers in pain research (Lausanne, Switzerland), 2021. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 25 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
25 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.
- Corneal Confocal Microscopy to Diagnose Peripheral Neuropathy: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.European journal of neurology · 2025Pooled it
- Application of Shear Wave Elastography in Assessing Peripheral Neuropathy in Parkinson's Disease.Brain sciences · 2026Article
- Efficacy and Limitations of Corneal Confocal Microscopy in Evaluating ATTRv-PN.Brain and behavior · 2026Article
- Corneal Nerve Fiber Morphology and Biological Age in Healthy Adults.Biomedicines · 2026Article
- Review
- Diabetic dry eye: advances in pathogenesis, diagnostic strategies, and therapeutic approaches.Frontiers in medicine · 2026Review
- Aging and Corneal Nerve Health: Mechanisms of Degeneration and Emerging Therapies for the Cornea.Cells · 2025Review
- Review
- P2X4 Receptor Antagonist Ameliorates Ocular Pain in Rats After Lacrimal Gland Removal.Translational vision science & technology · 2025Article
- Transmission interference microscopy of anterior human eye.Nature communications · 2025Article
- Article
- Screening and monitoring of diabetic polyneuropathy in clinical practice: present and future with connected devices.Frontiers in neurology · 2025Article
- Omega-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids Effect on Neuropathy of the Peripheral Nervous System in Dietary Obese Rats: Is the Source of These Fatty Acids Important for Outcome?Diabetes, metabolic syndrome and obesity : targets and therapy · 2025Article
- Corneal Confocal Microscopy Identifies and Differentiates Patients With Multiple Sclerosis and Epilepsy.Translational vision science & technology · 2024Article
- Cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy in diabetes: an update with a focus on management.Diabetologia · 2024Review
- Neurosurgical Intervention for Nerve and Muscle Biopsies.Diagnostics (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Review
- Corneal confocal microscopy may help to distinguish Multiple System Atrophy from Parkinson's disease.NPJ Parkinson's disease · 2024Article
- Painful Diabetic Neuropathy: The Need for New Approaches.Journal of diabetes science and technology · 2024Review
- Corneal nerve loss predicts dementia in patients with mild cognitive impairment.Annals of clinical and translational neurology · 2023Article
- Knowledge, Awareness, and Attitude of Healthcare Stakeholders on Alzheimer's Disease and Dementia in Qatar.International journal of environmental research and public health · 2023Review
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
19 authors at 6 institutions in 4 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Neuropathic pain has multiple etiologies, but a major feature is small fiber dysfunction or damage. Corneal confocal microscopy (CCM) is a rapid non-invasive ophthalmic imaging technique that can image small nerve fibers in the cornea and has been utilized to show small nerve fiber loss in patients with diabetic and other neuropathies. CCM has comparable diagnostic utility to intraepidermal nerve fiber density for diabetic neuropathy, fibromyalgia and amyloid neuropathy and predicts the development of diabetic neuropathy. Moreover, in clinical intervention trials of patients with diabetic and sarcoid neuropathy, corneal nerve regeneration occurs early and precedes an improvement in symptoms and neurophysiology. Corneal nerve fiber loss also occurs and is associated with disease progression in multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's disease and dementia. We conclude that corneal confocal microscopy has good diagnostic and prognostic capability and fulfills the FDA criteria as a surrogate end point for clinical trials in peripheral and central neurodegenerative diseases.
Indexed as
Identifiers
What Socratic holds
Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.