ArticleThe European respiratory journal2022
Clinical, radiological and pathological findings in patients with persistent lung disease following SARS-CoV-2 infection.
Article in The European respiratory journal, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 50 papers.
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Who cites it
50 citing papers in PubMed, 89 citations in OpenAlex.
- A prospective cohort study for characterization and predictive factors of long-term POST-COVID interstitial changes.Respiratory research · 2026Observational
- Persistent neurological and behavioral alterations after SARS-CoV-2 infection in an optimized K18-hACE2 mouse model.Frontiers in microbiology · 2026Article
- Investigating the lasting effects of SARS-CoV-2 infection and the lung microbiome: no persistent microbial alterations in recovered COVID-19 patients with persistent radiological or respiratory abnormalities.Access microbiology · 2026Article
- COVID-19 and Interstitial Lung Disease.Medicina (Kaunas, Lithuania) · 2025Review
- Scars from the pandemic: understanding post-COVID-19 interstitial lung disease.Breathe (Sheffield, England) · 2025Review
- The post-COVID-19 pulmonary sequelae: manifestations, mechanisms and treatment strategies.Journal of thoracic disease · 2025Review
- The respiratory microbiome in patients with post-COVID-19 residual lung abnormalities resembles that of healthy individuals and is distinct from idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Respiratory burden in post-acute COVID-19 sequelae: a longitudinal study of airway and systemic inflammation and clinical outcomes.ERJ open research · 2025Article
- Convergent and divergent immune aberrations in COVID-19, post-COVID-19-interstitial lung disease, and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.American journal of physiology. Cell physiology · 2025Article
- Baricitinib for Acute Exacerbation in Idiopathic Interstitial Pneumonias: A Preliminary Study Using Propensity Score Matching.Respiration; international review of thoracic diseases · 2025Article
- New perspectives on the progression of pulmonary fibrosis: the cascade from aberrant microvascular endothelial cell activation to fibrosis.Frontiers in medicine · 2025Review
- Article
- The role of vascularity and the fibrovascular interface in interstitial lung diseases.European respiratory review : an official journal of the European Respiratory Society · 2025Review
- Lung long distance: histopathological changes in lung tissue after COVID-19 pneumonia.Croatian medical journal · 2024Article
- Trans-bronchial forceps biopsy for COVID-19 related diffuse parenchymal lung abnormalities.BMC pulmonary medicine · 2024Article
- Overlapping Systemic Proteins in COVID-19 and Lung Fibrosis Associated with Tissue Remodeling and Inflammation.Biomedicines · 2024Article
- Post‑recovery symptoms of infected cases after Omicron pandemic: a quick online cross-sectional study based on C19-YRSm in China.BMC public health · 2024Article
- Corticosteroid Therapy Duration and Dosage According to the Timing of Treatment Initiation for Post-COVID-19 Organizing Pneumonia.Chonnam medical journal · 2024Article
- Long-term radiological and pulmonary function abnormalities at 3 years after COVID-19 hospitalisation: a longitudinal cohort study.The European respiratory journal · 2024Article
- Gas exchange abnormalities in Long COVID are driven by the alteration of the vascular component.Multidisciplinary respiratory medicine · 2024Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
11 authors at 8 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
Some patients experience pulmonary sequelae after SARS-CoV-2 infection, ranging from self-limited abnormalities to major lung diseases. Morphological analysis of lung tissue may help our understanding of pathogenic mechanisms and help to provide consistent personalised management. The aim of this study was to ascertain morphological and immunomolecular features of lung tissue. Transbronchial lung cryobiopsy was carried out in patients with persistent symptoms and computed tomography suggestive of residual lung disease after recovery from SARS-CoV-2 infection. 164 patients were referred for suspected pulmonary sequelae after COVID-19; 10 patients with >5% parenchymal lung disease underwent lung biopsy. The histological pattern of lung disease was not homogeneous and three different case clusters could be identified, which was mirrored by their clinical and radiological features. Cluster 1 ("chronic fibrosing") was characterised by post-infection progression of pre-existing interstitial pneumonias. Cluster 2 ("acute/subacute injury") was characterised by different types and grades of lung injury, ranging from organising pneumonia and fibrosing nonspecific interstitial pneumonia to diffuse alveolar damage. Cluster 3 ("vascular changes") was characterised by diffuse vascular increase, dilatation and distortion (capillaries and venules) within otherwise normal parenchyma. Clusters 2 and 3 had immunophenotypical changes similar to those observed in early/mild COVID-19 pneumonias (abnormal expression of STAT3 in hyperplastic pneumocytes and PD-L1, IDO and STAT3 in endothelial cells). This is the first study correlating histological/immunohistochemical patterns with clinical and radiological pictures of patients with post-COVID lung disease. Different phenotypes with potentially different underlying pathogenic mechanisms have been identified.
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