Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35301265›Full record

ArticleGenome research2022

A general framework for identifying oligogenic combinations of rare variants in complex disorders.

Vijay Kumar Pounraja, Santhosh Girirajan

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Genome research, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 19 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
19citing papers in PubMed
–field-weighted citation impact
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

19 citing papers in PubMed, 23 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Article
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Article
  5. Individuals with intellectual disability have an increased burden ofmedRxiv : the preprint server for health sciences · 2025
    Article
  6. Benchmark of computational methods to detect digenism in sequencing data.European journal of human genetics : EJHG · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Review
  13. Article
  14. Article
  15. Article
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Tremor and other hyperkinetic movements (New York, N.Y.) · 2023
    Article
  19. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

2 authors at 1 institution in 2 countries.

Vijay Kumar PounrajaDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
Santhosh GirirajanDepartment of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA.
Pennsylvania State University · US

Funding

Genomic basis of phenotypic variability of genomic disordersR01GM121907 · NIGMS · PENNSYLVANIA STATE UNIVERSITY, THE · PI GIRIRAJAN, SANTHOSH · 2017 to 2025
$5.2M
NIGMS NIH HHS R01 GM121907
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

Genetic studies of complex disorders such as autism and intellectual disability (ID) are often based on enrichment of individual rare variants or their aggregate burden in affected individuals compared to controls. However, these studies overlook the influence of combinations of rare variants that may not be deleterious on their own due to statistical challenges resulting from rarity and combinatorial explosion when enumerating variant combinations, limiting our ability to study oligogenic basis for these disorders. Here, we present RareComb, a framework that combines the Apriori algorithm and statistical inference to identify specific combinations of mutated genes associated with complex phenotypes. RareComb overcomes computational barriers and exhaustively evaluates variant combinations to identify nonadditive relationships between simultaneously mutated genes. Using RareComb, we analyzed 6189 individuals with autism and identified 718 combinations significantly associated with ID, and carriers of these combinations showed lower IQ than expected in an independent cohort of 1878 individuals. These combinations were enriched for nervous system genes such as

Indexed as

Autistic DisorderIntellectual DisabilityATP-Binding Cassette TransportersHeterozygoteHumansMutationPhenotypeABCA4 protein, humanATP-Binding Cassette Transporters

Identifiers

PMID35301265
PMCPMC9104696
OpenAlexW4220989365

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.