Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35312355›Full record

ArticleProceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America2022

The photobiology of the human circadian clock.

Robin A Schoonderwoerd, Mischa de Rover, Jan A M Janse, Lydiane Hirschler, Channa R Willemse, Leonie Scholten, Ilse Klop, Sander van Berloo, Matthias J P van Osch, Dick F Swaab and 1 more

Open access · greenAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 22 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
22citing papers in PubMed, 1 pooled it
4.1field-weighted citation impact, top 5% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

22 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 38 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Pooled it
  2. Article
  3. Article
  4. Human Cerebral Blood Flow Activity with Diurnal Variation Differentially Correlated with the Suprachiasmatic Nucleus.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2026
    Article
  5. Article
  6. Natural Compounds that Modulate Circadian Rhythms.Current topics in medicinal chemistry · 2025
    Review
  7. Article
  8. Article
  9. Diurnal Fluctuations in Steroid Hormones Tied to Variation in Intrinsic Functional Connectivity in a Densely Sampled Male.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024
    Article
  10. Review
  11. Review
  12. Diurnal Variation of Brain Activity in the Human Suprachiasmatic Nucleus.The Journal of neuroscience : the official journal of the Society for Neuroscience · 2024
    Article
  13. Article
  14. Review
  15. Review
  16. Article
  17. Article
  18. Reply to Sharifpour et al.: Light response measurement of the human SCN by 7T fMRI.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
  19. Pitfalls in recording BOLD signal responses to light in small hypothalamic nuclei using Ultra-High-Field 7 Tesla MRI.Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America · 2022
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

11 authors at 3 institutions in 1 country.

Robin A SchoonderwoerdDepartment of Neurophysiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-9702-2094
Mischa de RoverDepartment of Neurophysiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands.
Jan A M JanseDepartment of Neurophysiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0002-9632-993X
Lydiane HirschlerDepartment of Radiology, C. J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0003-2379-0861
Channa R WillemseDepartment of Neurophysiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands.
Leonie ScholtenDepartment of Neurophysiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands.
Ilse KlopDepartment of Neurophysiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands.
Sander van BerlooDepartment of Medical Technology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands.
Matthias J P van OschDepartment of Radiology, C. J. Gorter Center for High Field MRI, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZA Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-7034-8959
Dick F SwaabDepartment of Neuropsychiatric Disorders, Netherlands Institute for Neuroscience, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences, 1105 BA Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Johanna H MeijerDepartment of Neurophysiology, Leiden University Medical Center, 2333 ZC Leiden, The Netherlands.ORCID 0000-0001-6619-5312
Leiden University Medical Center · NLLeiden University · NLNetherlands Institute for Neuroscience · NL

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

SignificanceThe function of our biological clock is dependent on environmental light. Rodent studies have shown that there are multiple colors that affect the clock, but indirect measures in humans suggest blue light is key. We performed functional MRI studies in human subjects with unprecedented spatial resolution to investigate color sensitivity of our clock. Here, we show that narrowband blue, green, and orange light were all effective in changing neuronal activity of the clock. While the clock of nocturnal rodents is excited by light, the human clock responds with a decrease in neuronal activity as indicated by a negative BOLD response. The sensitivity of the clock to multiple colors should be integrated in light therapy aimed to strengthen our 24-h rhythms.

Indexed as

Circadian ClocksCircadian RhythmHumansLightPhotobiologySuprachiasmatic NucleusconesfMRImelanopsinphotoreceptorssuprachiasmatic nucleus

Identifiers

PMID35312355
PMCPMC9060497
OpenAlexW4220759139

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.