Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35319157›Full record

ArticleAlzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association2023

Midlife lipid and glucose levels are associated with Alzheimer's disease.

Xiaoling Zhang, Tong Tong, Andrew Chang, Ting Fang Alvin Ang, Qiushan Tao, Sanford Auerbach, Sherral Devine, Wei Qiao Qiu, Jesse Mez, Joseph Massaro and 3 more

Open access · bronzeAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association, 2023. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 40 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
40citing papers in PubMed
7.5field-weighted citation impact, top 2% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.

3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

40 citing papers in PubMed, 65 citations in OpenAlex.

  1. Trial
  2. Review
  3. Article
  4. Association of genetic predisposition to dyslipidemia and physical activity with incident dementia.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2026
    Article
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  9. Cell type-specific master metabolic regulators of Alzheimer's disease.bioRxiv : the preprint server for biology · 2025
    Article
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  13. Plasma protein risk scores for mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease in the Framingham heart study.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Article
  14. Article
  15. Nutrition: A non-negligible factor in the pathogenesis and treatment of Alzheimer's disease.Alzheimer's & dementia : the journal of the Alzheimer's Association · 2025
    Review
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  19. mTOR inhibition enhances synaptic and mitochondrial function in Alzheimer's disease in an APOE genotype-dependent manner.Journal of cerebral blood flow and metabolism : official journal of the International Society of Cerebral Blood Flow and Metabolism · 2024
    Article
  20. Article
4 · The record

Corrections and comments

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

13 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.

Xiaoling ZhangDepartment of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Tong TongDepartment of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Andrew ChangDepartment of Physiology & Biophysics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Ting Fang Alvin AngDepartment of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Qiushan TaoDepartment of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Sanford AuerbachDepartment of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Sherral DevineDepartment of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Wei Qiao QiuDepartment of Pharmacology & Experimental Therapeutics, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Jesse MezFramingham Heart Study, Boston University School of Medicine, Framingham, Massachusetts, USA.
Joseph MassaroDepartment of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Kathryn L LunettaDepartment of Biostatistics, Boston University School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Rhoda AuDepartment of Anatomy & Neurobiology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Lindsay A FarrerDepartment of Medicine (Biomedical Genetics), Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, Massachusetts, USA.
Boston University · USFramingham Heart Study · US

Funding

TBDU19AG068753 · NIA · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI Rhoda Au · 2020 to 2026
$42.4M
PRECURSORS OF STROKE INCIDENCE AND PROGNOSISR01NS017950 · NINDS · UNIVERSITY OF TEXAS HLTH SCIENCE CENTER · PI Hugo Javier Aparicio, Jose Rafael Romero · 1985 to 2026
$22.9M
EPIDEMIOLOGY OF DEMENTIA IN THE FRAMINGHAM STUDYR01AG008122 · NIA · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI AU, RHODA, SESHADRI, SUDHA · 1989 to 2015
$14.4M
MRI, Genetics &Cognitive Precursors of AD &DementiaR01AG016495 · NIA · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI AU, RHODA · 1999 to 2016
$12.5M
MRI, Cognitive, Genetic & Biomarker Precursors of AD & Dementia in Young AdultsR01AG033040 · NIA · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI AU, RHODA, SESHADRI, SUDHA · 2009 to 2019
$11.2M
Genetic Studies of Alzheimer Disease in KoreansU01AG062602 · NIA · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI FARRER, LINDSAY A. · 2019 to 2023
$9.5M
CHARGE Consortium: Omics Discovery for CVD and Aging PhenotypesR01HL105756 · NHLBI · UNIVERSITY OF WASHINGTON · PI Bruce M Psaty, NICHOLAS L SMITH · 2011 to 2026
$9.5M
Alzheimer Disease Genetic Architecture in African AmericansR01AG048927 · NIA · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI Lindsay A. Farrer · 2015 to 2026
$8.4M
Circular RNAs and their interactions with RNA-binding proteins to modulate AD-related neuropathologyU01AG072577 · NIA · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI WOLOZIN, BENJAMIN L, ZHANG, XIAOLING · 2021 to 2025
$3.8M
Re-visiting Methods for MCI Diagnosis to Improve Biomarker and Trial FindingsR01AG049810 · NIA · UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA, SAN DIEGO · PI BONDI, MARK W, EDLAND, STEVEN DYAL · 2016 to 2020
$3.7M
Epigenetic changes in synaptic and inflammatory genes involved in the age-dependent development of Alzheimer's disease pathologies andcognitive declineRF1AG054156 · NIA · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI AU, RHODA, RYU, HOON · 2016 to 2018
$3.4M
Genetic Modifiers of Protein Interaction Networks in TauopathyR01AG064932 · NIA · BOSTON UNIVERSITY MEDICAL CAMPUS · PI EMILI, ANDREW, WOLOZIN, BENJAMIN L · 2019 to 2023
$3.2M
NHLBI NIH HHS R01 HL105756NIA NIH HHS R01 AG008122NIA NIH HHS R01 AG016495NIA NIH HHS R01 AG033040NIA NIH HHS R01 AG048927NIA NIH HHS R01 AG049810NIA NIH HHS R01 AG062109NIA NIH HHS R01 AG064932NIA NIH HHS R56 AG062109NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG054156NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG057519NIA NIH HHS RF1 AG062109NIA NIH HHS U01 AG062602NIA NIH HHS U01 AG072577NIA NIH HHS U19 AG068753NINDS NIH HHS R01 NS017950
6 · The paper itself

Abstract

introductionIt is unknown whether vascular and metabolic diseases assessed in early adulthood are associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD) later in life.

methodsAssociation of AD with lipid fractions, glucose, blood pressure, body mass index (BMI), and smoking obtained prospectively from 4932 Framingham Heart Study (FHS) participants across nine quadrennial examinations was evaluated using Cox proportional hazard and Kaplan-Meier models. Age-, sex-, and education-adjusted models were tested for each factor measured at each exam and within three adult age groups (early = 35-50, middle = 51-60, and late = 61-70).

resultsA 15 mg/dL increase in high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol was associated with decreased AD risk during early (15.4%, P = 0.041) and middle (17.9%, P = 0.014) adulthood. A 15 mg/dL increase in glucose measured during middle adulthood was associated with 14.5% increased AD risk (P = 0.00029). These findings remained significant after adjusting for treatment. DISCUSSION: Our findings suggest that careful management of cholesterol and glucose beginning in early adulthood can lower AD risk.

Indexed as

Alzheimer DiseaseAdultCholesterolGlucoseHumansLongitudinal StudiesRisk FactorsCholesterolGlucoseAlzheimer's diseasecardiovascular risk factorsglucosehigh-density lipoprotein cholesterollipidsMidlife

Identifiers

PMID35319157
PMCPMC10078665
OpenAlexW4220857261

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY-NC-ND
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

None linked

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.