SynthesisWorld journal of surgical oncology2022
Clinical benefits of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.
Synthesis in World journal of surgical oncology, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. Cited by 23 papers, 1 of them a synthesis that pooled it.
What it found
Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.
The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Neither the registry nor the abstract names a trial number. If this is a trial report, that itself is worth knowing.
Who cites it
23 citing papers in PubMed, 1 synthesis or guideline pooled it, 39 citations in OpenAlex.
- The efficacy and safety of regorafenib/fruquintinib combined with PD-1/PD-L1 for metastatic colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis based on single-arm studies.Frontiers in immunology · 2025Pooled it
- Efficacy and safety of PD-1 blockade plus long-course chemoradiotherapy in locally advanced rectal cancer (NECTAR): a multi-center phase 2 study.Signal transduction and targeted therapy · 2024Trial
- High INHBB expression in colorectal cancer is associated with poor prognosis and drives malignant phenotypes in tumor cells.Biology direct · 2026Article
- Emerging Concepts in Immuno-Oncology: Insights from Natural Language Processing-Driven Co-Occurrence Analysis.ACS omega · 2025Review
- Evodiamine inhibits programmed cell death ligand 1 expression via the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway to regulate antitumor immunity in melanoma.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- KAT8 catalyzes the acetylation of SEPP1 at lysine 247/249 and modulates the activity of CD8Cell & bioscience · 2025Article
- Comparison of currently common neoadjuvant therapy strategies for rectal cancer: a three-arm retrospective study.Frontiers in cellular and infection microbiology · 2025Article
- Upregulation of Immune checkpoint PD-L1 in Colon cancer cell lines and activation of T cells by Leuconostoc mesenteroides.World journal of microbiology & biotechnology · 2024Article
- Sex Difference of Colon Adenoma Pathway and Colorectal Carcinogenesis.The world journal of men's health · 2024Review
- Immune checkpoint inhibitors in gastrointestinal malignancies: an Umbrella review.Cancer cell international · 2024Review
- Expanded Alternatives of CRISPR-Cas9 Applications in Immunotherapy of Colorectal Cancer.Molecular diagnosis & therapy · 2024Review
- A Case Report of Envafolimab in the Treatment of Microsatellite Stable (MSS) Metastatic Colon Cancer.OncoTargets and therapy · 2024Article
- Inhibition of PCSK9: A Promising Enhancer for Anti-PD-1/PD-L1 Immunotherapy.Research (Washington, D.C.) · 2024Review
- Exploring the clinical significance of IL-38 correlation with PD-1, CTLA-4, and FOXP3 in colorectal cancer draining lymph nodes.Frontiers in immunology · 2024Article
- Harnessing allogeneic CD4Fukushima journal of medical science · 2023Review
- Mixed effects modeling of radiotherapy in combination with immune checkpoint blockade or inhibitors of the DNA damage response pathway.CPT: pharmacometrics & systems pharmacology · 2023Article
- Effectiveness and Safety of Apatinib Plus Programmed Cell Death Protein 1 Blockades for Patients with Treatment-refractory Metastatic Colorectal Cancer: A Retrospective Exploratory Study.Journal of cancer prevention · 2023Article
- Comprehensive analysis of cuproptosis-related long noncoding RNA for predicting prognostic and diagnostic value and immune landscape in colorectal adenocarcinoma.Human genomics · 2023Article
- Key points in pulmonary metastasectomy from colorectal carcinoma: European Society of Thoracic Surgeons survey analysis.Interdisciplinary cardiovascular and thoracic surgery · 2023Article
- Interim result of phase II, prospective, single-arm trial of long-course chemoradiotherapy combined with concurrent tislelizumab in locally advanced rectal cancer.Frontiers in oncology · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.
Authors and funding
8 authors at 2 institutions in 1 country.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundImmunotherapy for colorectal cancer has developed rapidly in the past decade. Many high-quality clinical trials examining the application of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in patients with metastatic colorectal cancer (mCRC) have been conducted in recent years. However, the clinical benefits, including the efficacy and safety of these treatments against mCRC, remain controversial. Hence, we conducted this meta-analysis on the clinical benefits of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors in patients with mCRC.
methodsWe searched online databases including MEDLINE, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science, from inception to January 4, 2021. The outcomes related to efficacy and safety were extracted and analyzed. Subgroup analyses were conducted according to the categories of dMMR-MSI-H (tumors with mismatch repair deficiency and high levels of microsatellite instability) ≥ 5% vs. dMMR-MSI-H < 5%, monotherapy vs. combination therapy, PD-1 inhibitors vs. PD-L1 inhibitors, and nivolumab vs. pembrolizumab.
resultsFourteen studies including 1129 subjects were included in our systematic review. The overall complete response (CR), partial response (PR), stable disease (SD), and progression of disease (PD) rates were 0.01 (95% CI 0.00-0.04), 0.04 (95% CI 0.05-0.26), 0.27 (95% CI 0.22-0.32), and 0.44 (95% CI 0.30-0.58), respectively. The overall objective response rate (ORR) and disease control rate (DCR) were 0.16 (95%CI 0.06-0.31) and 0.50 (95%CI 0.35-0.65), respectively. The overall rate of adverse events (AEs) and severe adverse responses (SAEs) were 0.84 (95% CI 0.72-0.92) and 0.30 (95% CI 0.20-0.41), respectively. The ORRs of the dMMR-MSI-H ≥ 5% and dMMR-MSI-H < 5% subgroups were 0.40 (95% CI 0.30-0.51) and 0.04 (95% CI 0.00-0.09), respectively.
conclusionsPD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors produced encouraging clinical benefits including the response rate in the treatment of dMMR-MSI-H mCRC. They actually have been influenced by the present state of mCRC therapy including pMMR-MSI-L mCRC. Nevertheless, additional multi-center prospective studies are still expected.
trial registrationWe have registered this study in the International Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (PROSPERO), and the registration number is CRD42021249601 .
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Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.