Evidence map›Paper›PMID 35346104›Full record

ArticleBMC public health2022

Measuring self-care in the general adult population: development and psychometric testing of the Self-Care Inventory.

Michela Luciani, Maddalena De Maria, Shayleigh Dickson Page, Claudio Barbaranelli, Davide Ausili, Barbara Riegel

2 registry-linked trialsOpen access · goldAbstract read
In one paragraph

Article in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 28 papers.

0numbers the graph read from it
0cells of the map it votes in
28citing papers in PubMed
15.3field-weighted citation impact, top 1% of its field
1 · What the graph read from it

What it found

Each row is one number read from the abstract, on the scale the paper reported it, with its interval. Left of the dashed line favours the treatment, right favours the comparator. Under each row is the sentence it came from. New to these charts? A ten-minute tutorial.

The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.

2 · The registry

The trial behind it

Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.

NCT06235593 naunknown statusnot on this mapstarted 2023, after this paper: background citation

Self-care in the Person With Chronic Disease: A Protocol for a Self-care Intervention

TypeinterventionalSponsorUniversity of ÉvoraRan2023 to 2024Enrolled400ConditionsChronic Disease, Self-ControlArmsSelf-care Intervention
NCT07207603 enrolling by invitationnot on this mapstarted 2024, after this paper: background citation

Observational Cohort Pilot Study on Cardiovascular Prevention in Citizens Living in Milano-Bicocca District

TypeobservationalSponsorUniversity of Milano BicoccaRan2024 to 2025Enrolled1,000ConditionsCardiovascular Risk Factors (e.g., Hypertension)ArmsNo intervention
3 · Its place in the literature

Who cites it

28 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.

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  15. Development of a Self-Care Scale for Compound Caregivers.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024
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4 · The record

Corrections and comments

PubMed lists nothing against this paper. Absence here is not a guarantee, only a check that was made.

5 · Who and what money

Authors and funding

6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.

Michela LucianiDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900, Monza, Italy. michela.luciani@unimib.it.
Maddalena De MariaDepartment of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, Italy.
Shayleigh Dickson PageSchool of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
Claudio BarbaranelliDepartment of Psychology, Sapienza University of Rome, Rome, Italy.
Davide AusiliDepartment of Medicine and Surgery, University of Milano - Bicocca, Via Cadore 48, 20900, Monza, Italy.
Barbara RiegelSchool of Nursing, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, USA.
University of Milano-Bicocca · ITUniversity of Pennsylvania · USSapienza University of Rome · ITUniversity of Rome Tor Vergata · IT

Funding

No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.

6 · The paper itself

Abstract

backgroundSelf-care is important at all stages of life and health status to promote well-being, prevent disease, and improve health outcomes. Currently, there is a need to better conceptualize self-care in the general adult population and provide an instrument to measure self-care in this group. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the Self-Care Inventory (SCI), a theory-based instrument to measure self-care in the general adult population.

methodsBased on the Middle Range Theory of Self-Care, the 20-item SCI was developed with three scales: Self-Care Maintenance (8 items), Self-Care Monitoring (6 items), and Self-Care Management (6 items). A cross sectional study with a US-based sample (n = 294) was conducted to test the SCI. Internal validity was assessed with Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Internal consistency reliability was assessed with Cronbach alpha for unidimensional scales or composite reliability and the global reliability index for multidimensional scales. Construct validity was investigated with Pearson correlation to test the relationship between general self-efficacy, positivity, stress, and self-care scores.

resultsThe Self-Care Maintenance and Management scales were multidimensional and the Self-Care Monitoring scale was unidimensional. The global reliability index for multidimensional scales was 0.85 (self-care maintenance) and 0.88 (self-care management). Cronbach alpha coefficient of the self-care monitoring scale was 0.88. Test-retest reliability was 0.81 (self-care maintenance), 0.91 (self-care monitoring), and 0.76 (self-care management). The General Self-Efficacy Scale was positively related to all three self-care scale scores: self-care maintenance r = 0.46, p < 0. 001, self-care monitoring r = 0.31, p < 0. 001, and self-care management r = 0.32, p < 0. 001. The positivity score was positively related to self-care maintenance (r = 0.42, p < 0. 001), self-care monitoring (r = 0.29, p < 0. 001), and self-care management (r = 0.34, p < 0. 001) scores. The perceived stress was positively related to the self-care management (r = 0.20, p < 0. 001) score.

conclusionsThe SCI is a theoretically based instrument designed to measure self-care in the general adult population. Preliminary evidence of validity and reliability supports its use in the general adult population.

Indexed as

Self CareAdultCross-Sectional StudiesFactor Analysis, StatisticalHumansPsychometricsReproducibility of ResultsGeneral adult populationMiddle range theory of self-care of chronic illnessPsychometricsPublic healthSelf-care

Identifiers

PMID35346104
PMCPMC8960109
OpenAlexW4220795116

What Socratic holds

Textmetadata
LicenceCC BY
Read underepoch 390

Registered trials

Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.