ArticleBMC public health2022
Measuring self-care in the general adult population: development and psychometric testing of the Self-Care Inventory.
Article in BMC public health, 2022. The graph could read no effect estimate from its abstract, so it casts no vote on the map. It is linked to 2 registered trials, which are not on this map. Cited by 28 papers.
What it found
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The abstract states no effect estimate the extractor could read, or names no intervention and outcome on the map, so this paper lights no cell and moves no belief. It is still indexed, cited and linked below.
The trial behind it
Trials whose registry record cites this paper, or whose number appears in the abstract. A trial that started after this paper was published is citing it as background, not reporting it.
Self-care in the Person With Chronic Disease: A Protocol for a Self-care Intervention
Observational Cohort Pilot Study on Cardiovascular Prevention in Citizens Living in Milano-Bicocca District
Who cites it
28 citing papers in PubMed, 47 citations in OpenAlex.
- Associations Between Physical Activity and Nutrition Self-efficacy and Self-Reported Physical Activity in Residents of Resource-limited Neighborhoods.AJPM focus · 2026Article
- Toward a Unified Understanding: A Literature Review of Self-Care Conceptualization for the General Population.Health promotion perspectives · 2026Review
- Virtual health coaching to improve self-care among informal caregivers of hospitalized older adults during a transition in care: Randomized controlled trial study protocol.Contemporary clinical trials · 2026Article
- Development and validation of the self-care in partners of cancer patients (SC-PC) questionnaire: a mixed methods study protocol.BMJ open · 2026Article
- Supporting Family Caregiver Health in Heart Failure: Longitudinal Associations Between Heart Failure Caregiver Self-Care and Patient Hospitalizations.Journal of cardiac failure · 2026Article
- Designing and Psychometric Properties of Self-Care Tool for Adults With Pre-Diabetes: Exploratory Sequential Mixed Method.Nursing open · 2026Article
- Development and Psychometric Testing of the Inventory of Self-Care Decision-Making Styles of Older Adults.Research in nursing & health · 2026Article
- Exploring motivational readiness for adapted physical activity in older adults with chronic illness: patterns of self-care behaviors, engagement, and psychological distress.Frontiers in psychology · 2026Article
- Determining the Feasibility and Usability of a Co-Designed Culturally Appropriate Conversational Agent (DESI-Heart) to Support Self-Care in People With Cardiovascular Diseases: Protocol for a Single-Arm Pilot Trial.JMIR research protocols · 2025Article
- A longitudinal comparative analysis of sustained benefit of a self-care intervention for caregivers of adults with heart failure.BMC nursing · 2025Article
- Association between adverse childhood experiences and masculinity with well-being: moderating role of behavioural emotional regulation among men of three nations.Scientific reports · 2025Article
- Article
- Translation and psychometric evaluation of Self-Care of Hypertension Inventory Version 3.0 (SC-HI v3.0) in Iranian population.Frontiers in public health · 2025Article
- Validation and cultural adaptation of the Japanese version of the Self-Care Inventory across different research settings: a cross-sectional study.Environmental health and preventive medicine · 2025Article
- Development of a Self-Care Scale for Compound Caregivers.Healthcare (Basel, Switzerland) · 2024Article
- Self-care in the person with chronic disease: A protocol for a self-care intervention.MethodsX · 2024Article
- Development and psychometric evaluation of the self-care of informal caregivers inventory.International journal of nursing studies advances · 2024Article
- Does self-care improve coping or does coping improve self-care? A structural equation modeling study.Applied nursing research : ANR · 2024Article
- Knowledge, attitude, and practice of breast self-examination is associated with general self-care and cultural factors: a study from Tamil Nadu, India.BMC women's health · 2024Article
- Self-care nursing assessment: cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the Spanish version of the Self-care of chronic illness inventory.BMC nursing · 2023Article
Corrections and comments
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Authors and funding
6 authors at 4 institutions in 2 countries.
Funding
No grant is acknowledged in the PubMed record.
Abstract
backgroundSelf-care is important at all stages of life and health status to promote well-being, prevent disease, and improve health outcomes. Currently, there is a need to better conceptualize self-care in the general adult population and provide an instrument to measure self-care in this group. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop and evaluate the Self-Care Inventory (SCI), a theory-based instrument to measure self-care in the general adult population.
methodsBased on the Middle Range Theory of Self-Care, the 20-item SCI was developed with three scales: Self-Care Maintenance (8 items), Self-Care Monitoring (6 items), and Self-Care Management (6 items). A cross sectional study with a US-based sample (n = 294) was conducted to test the SCI. Internal validity was assessed with Confirmatory Factor Analysis. Internal consistency reliability was assessed with Cronbach alpha for unidimensional scales or composite reliability and the global reliability index for multidimensional scales. Construct validity was investigated with Pearson correlation to test the relationship between general self-efficacy, positivity, stress, and self-care scores.
resultsThe Self-Care Maintenance and Management scales were multidimensional and the Self-Care Monitoring scale was unidimensional. The global reliability index for multidimensional scales was 0.85 (self-care maintenance) and 0.88 (self-care management). Cronbach alpha coefficient of the self-care monitoring scale was 0.88. Test-retest reliability was 0.81 (self-care maintenance), 0.91 (self-care monitoring), and 0.76 (self-care management). The General Self-Efficacy Scale was positively related to all three self-care scale scores: self-care maintenance r = 0.46, p < 0. 001, self-care monitoring r = 0.31, p < 0. 001, and self-care management r = 0.32, p < 0. 001. The positivity score was positively related to self-care maintenance (r = 0.42, p < 0. 001), self-care monitoring (r = 0.29, p < 0. 001), and self-care management (r = 0.34, p < 0. 001) scores. The perceived stress was positively related to the self-care management (r = 0.20, p < 0. 001) score.
conclusionsThe SCI is a theoretically based instrument designed to measure self-care in the general adult population. Preliminary evidence of validity and reliability supports its use in the general adult population.
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Registered trials
Read under generation 80e0d062 · epoch 390. Bibliography from PubMed, PubMed Central and OpenAlex; grants from NIH RePORTER; trial links from ClinicalTrials.gov; estimates, votes and beliefs from the Socratic graph.